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On Comparison of 3D-Printed ABS and PVDF-Based Sensors for Body-Centric Utility

  • Technical Note-Mechanical Engineering
  • Published:
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Abstract

The 3D-printed MPA of 1° recycled PVDF and ABS provides an option to develop greener sensors for various engineering applications. But hitherto little has been reported on the comparison of 3D-printed 1° recycled ABS and PVDF-based sensors for body-centric utility in the vicinity of 2.45 GHz. This study highlights the comparative analysis of 1° recycled ABS and PVDF sensors (based on mechanical, piezoelectric, and RF characterization). The study suggests that 1° recycled PVDF (having εr 2 and tan δ 0.005)-based sensors have multiband resonance at 2.45 GHz, 5 GHz, and 5.5 GHz with appreciable return loss as compared to ABS (εr 3 and tan δ 0.001). For body-centric utility (wearability in terms of SAR value (0.22 W/kg for PVDF and 0.642 W/kg for ABS at 2.45 GHz) and flexibility), 1° recycled PVDF sensor was observed better than 1° recycled ABS. Overall due to better piezoelectric (d33 0.5 pC/N), mechanical (MOT 18.30 MPa), and RF characteristics, 1° recycled PVDF-based sensors may be considered a better solution for flexible and pressure-sensitive body-centric applications.

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Abbreviations

ABS:

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

PVDF:

Polyvinylidene fluoride

IEEE:

Institute of electrical and electronics engineer

RF:

Radio frequency

DOE:

Design of experiment

OA:

Orthogonal array

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

CST:

Computer simulation technology

MPA:

Microstrip patch antenna

MFI:

Melt flow index

UTM:

Universal tensile testing machine

VNA:

Vector network analyzer

SAR:

Specific absorption rate

Seq SS:

Sequential sum of squares

P:

Probability

PS:

Peak strength

MOT:

Modulus of toughness

E :

Young’s modulus

εr :

Dielectric constant

tan δ :

Dissipation factor

\(\varepsilon_{{{\text{eff}}}}\) :

Effective dielectric constant

\(r_{m }\) :

Average radius

\(f_{0}\) :

Frequency of resonance

h :

Height of a substrate

w :

Width of the substrate

t :

The thickness of trace

\(\alpha\) total :

Total attenuation constant

\(\alpha\) c :

Conductor attenuation constant

\(\alpha\) d :

Dielectric attenuation constant

\(\alpha\) r :

Radiative attenuation constant

1°:

Primary

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to IKGPTU, Kapurthala, and Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana, for providing the necessary equipment and software for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India

    Chahat Jain

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana, India

    Chahat Jain

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Balwinder S. Dhaliwal

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Rupinder Singh

  5. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SSIET, Dera Bassi, India

    Suman Pattnaik

Authors
  1. Chahat Jain
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  2. Balwinder S. Dhaliwal
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  3. Rupinder Singh
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  4. Suman Pattnaik
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Correspondence to Rupinder Singh.

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Jain, C., Dhaliwal, B.S., Singh, R. et al. On Comparison of 3D-Printed ABS and PVDF-Based Sensors for Body-Centric Utility. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 12645–12655 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-07658-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-07658-3

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