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Orthogonal Coded Spread Spectrum Digital Beamforming-Based 5G Receiver

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Abstract

5G receiver design at acceptably low cost poses a significant challenge, particularly where the 5G new radio (NR) use cases enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communication (mMTC) or ultra-reliable low latency communication need to be satisfied. One of the key design parameters that has to be looked at for successful implementation of these use cases is the maintenance of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Consequently for high SNR requirements, implementation of phased array antennas for suitable beamforming in radio access networks has been preferred by 5G systems designers. The authors have proposed an orthogonal coded spread spectrum-based digital beam forming (SSDBF) technique, which can be a better choice for 5G designers. They have introduced orthogonal Fourier codes in the phased array system which drastically reduces the number of circuit elements, thereby minimizing cost, size, weight and power requirements. The proposed scheme has been simulated and tested over a 28 GHz 5G link considering micro- and macro-channel scenarios in urban environments, following established urban micro (UMi) and urban macro (UMa) models, respectively. The results are then compared with a conventional digital beam forming (CDBF) technique. The BER versus SNR of both the SSDBF and CDBF cases are found to be almost equal. Moreover, the scheme is also tested with a \(2\times 2\) MIMO (multiple input multiple output), and the throughput is observed to be almost doubled in comparison with the corresponding SISO (single input single output) implementation, which suggests that the proposed scheme can also be used for MIMO applications.

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Author notes

  1. Sanjib Sil, Rabindranath Bera and Monojit Mitra contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, IIEST, Shibpur, Botanical Garden Road, Howrah, West Bengal, 7111103, India

    Ardhendu Shekhar Biswas & Monojit Mitra

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Calcutta Institute of Engineering and Management, 24/1A Chandi Ghosh Road, Tollygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700040, India

    Sanjib Sil

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, East Sikkim, Sikkim, 737136, India

    Rabindranath Bera

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  1. Ardhendu Shekhar Biswas
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Correspondence to Ardhendu Shekhar Biswas.

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Biswas, A.S., Sil, S., Bera, R. et al. Orthogonal Coded Spread Spectrum Digital Beamforming-Based 5G Receiver. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 5757–5769 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-07022-x

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