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Experimental Study of Square Concrete-Filled Welded Cold-Formed Steel Columns Under Concentric Loading

  • Research Article-Civil Engineering
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Abstract

Due to the presence of composite action between steel and concrete, applications of concrete-filled tubular structures have increased rapidly in bridges, high-rise buildings and other infrastructures. In this study, a total of 15 square concrete-filled welded cold-formed steel columns were tested under concentric loading. Failure modes, ultimate strength and ductility of test specimens were analyzed on several parameters, including concrete compressive strength (f ′c  = 27, 35 and 44 MPa), cross-sectional slenderness ratio (B/t = 25, 31 and 42) and global slenderness ratio (L/B = 3, 5 and 10). The results show that increasing the concrete compressive strength improved the ultimate strength, but decreased ductility of the test specimens. On the other hand, columns with higher slenderness ratio (B/t or L/B) showed lower ultimate strength and less ductile behavior. Failure appearances of the test columns include: outward buckling of the steel tube, crushing of in-fill concrete and welding failure at the joint. Meanwhile, no cracks were found at the corners of the test specimens due to the use of round corner cold-formed built-up steel sections. Finally, the design approaches adopted in (Eurocode-4, AISC-360-10 and Wang et al. 2017) are compared with the ultimate strength of the test columns, which shows satisfactory agreement between the predicted and experimental capacities.

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Abbreviations

AISC:

American Institute of Steel Construction

EC4:

Eurocode 4

AS:

Australian code

CSA:

Canadian Standards Association

BNBC:

Bangladesh National Building Code

SCFST:

Square concrete-filled steel tubular column

CFST:

Concrete-filled steel tubular column

SCFWCFS:

Square concrete-filled welded cold-formed steel

B :

Width of column

D :

Depth of column

L :

Length of column

t :

Thickness of steel

B/t :

Column cross-sectional slenderness ratio

L/B :

Column global slenderness ratio

A s :

Area of steel

A c :

Area of concrete

LVDT:

Linear variable differential transformer

Af y :

Yield strength of structural steel

f u :

Ultimate stress of steel

E s :

Elastic modulus of steel

E c :

Elastic modulus of concrete

ε y :

Yield strain of steel

ε su :

Ultimate strain of steel at peak load

P ut,exp :

Ultimate load of the tested column

ε u :

Peak axial strain at ultimate load

DI:

Ductility index

SI:

Strength index

EIeff :

Effective stiffness of composite section

P e :

Elastic critical buckling load

K :

Effective length factor

L :

Laterally unbraced length of the member

W c :

Weight of concrete per unit volume

f ′c :

Compressive cylinder strength (4 inch × 8 inch) Concrete

ε 85% :

Axial displacement at 85% of the maximum load at the decay branch

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Acknowledgements

All assistance including laboratory, computing and financial supports from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) (Grant No. 0417042355), Dhaka, Bangladesh, is gratefully acknowledged. In addition, the authors would like to thank McDonalds Steel Building Products Ltd. for the supply of the tubular built-up steel sections for the CFST specimens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Global Village (UGV), Barishal, Bangladesh

    Md. Mofizul Islam & Rubieyat Bin Ali

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Mofizul Islam, Rubieyat Bin Ali & Mahbuba Begum

  3. Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Soebur Rahman

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  1. Md. Mofizul Islam
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Correspondence to Md. Mofizul Islam.

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Islam, M.M., Ali, R.B., Begum, M. et al. Experimental Study of Square Concrete-Filled Welded Cold-Formed Steel Columns Under Concentric Loading. Arab J Sci Eng 46, 4225–4237 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04797-9

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