Abstract
A variety of distress have appeared in culvert structure in permafrost regions of China, which seriously affects safety of the structure in use. In view of the damage of reinforced concrete slab culvert structure along a highway in Qinghai Province, this paper presented a strengthening method for culvert structure. The corrugated steel pipe is placed in the reinforced concrete slab culvert, and the void between the original slab culvert and the corrugated steel pipe is filled with solidified aeolian sand, thus forming a whole and sharing the load. The method mainly depends on the solidifying effect of aeolian sand. This paper mainly studied the solidifying and strengthening effect of three inorganic binders (cement, lime, lime and fly ash) on aeolian sand. By standard heavy compaction test and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) experiment, the influence of water and salt content on compactness characteristics and CBR value of solidified aeolian sand are studied, respectively. The test results show that the solidified aeolian sand can meet the requirements of relevant specifications of subgrade backfill and the culvert strengthening method in terms of compactness characteristics and mechanical properties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wang, H.P.: Application of cement clay mortar in the reinforcement of small reservoir culvert. Agric. Tech. Serv. 25(7), 134 (2008)
He, B.H.: Examples of reinforcement project of heavy load railway culvert. Shenhua Sci. Technol. 7(4), 70–72 (2009)
Yuan, C.Y.; Qiu, B.Y.: Strengthening countermeasures of Da-Qin heavy load railway cover culvert. In: Collection of Papers on the Operation Management and Detection and Repair Technology of High-Speed and Heavy-Haul Railway Bridges and Tunnels, vol. 1 (2010)
Han, C.G.; Luo, X.: Research on mechanical properties of corrugated steel plate composite structure with filling material characteristics changed. In: International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Automation. ISBN:978-1-60595-479-0 (2017)
Wu, X.: Application of metal bellows in K8 + 775 culvert reinforcement project in Binhe road, Kaili city. Bridge Tunn. Eng. 12, 62–63, 65 (2016)
Khing, K.H.; Das, B.M.; Puri, V.K.; et al.: The bearing-capacity of a strip foundation on geogrid-reinforced sand. Geotext. Geomembr. 12, 351–361 (1993)
Alawaji, H.A.: Settlement and bearing capacity of geogrid-reinforced sand over collapsible soil. Geotext. Geomembr. 19, 75–88 (2001)
Asi, I.M.; Al-Abdul Wahhab, H.I.; Al-Amoudi, O.S.B.; et al.: Stabilization of dune sand using foamed asphalt. ASTM Geotech. Test. J. 25(2), 168–176 (2002)
Elipe, M.G.M.; Lopez-Querol, S.: Aeolian sands: characterization, options of improvement and possible employment in construction—the state-of-the-art. Constr. Build. Mater. 73, 728–739 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.10.008
Al-Aghbari, M.Y.; Dutta, R.K.: Suitability of desert sand cement mixes for base courses in highway pavements. Electron. J. Geotech. Eng. 10 D (2005). http://www.ejge.com/2005/JourTOC10D.htm?tdsourcetag=s_pcqq_aiomsg
Moosavi, K.; Kalantari, B.: Improving load bearing capacity of wind-blown sand using ordinary Portland cement. Electron. J. Geotech. Environ. 16, 1267–1274 (2011)
AlKarni, A.; ElKholy, S.M.: Improving geotechnical properties of dune sands through cement stabilization. J. Eng. Comput. Sci. 5(1), 1–19 (2012)
Ghrieb, A.; Mitiche-Kettab, R.; Bali, A.: Stabilization and utilization of dune sand in road engineering. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 39(3), 1517–1529 (2014)
Lopez-Querol, S.; Arias-Trujillo, J.; Elipe, M.G.M.; et al.: Improvement of the bearing capacity of confined and unconfined cement-stabilized aeolian sand. Constr. Build. Mater. 153, 374–384 (2017)
Li, C.; Yao, D.; Liu, S.H.; et al.: Improvement of geomechanical properties of bio-remediated Aeolian sand. Geomicrobiol. J. 35(2), 132–140 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2017.1338798
Padmakumar, G.P.; Srinivas, K.; Uday, K.V.; et al.: Characterization of Aeolian sands from Indian desert. Eng. Geol. 139, 38–49 (2012)
Li, S.F.: Application research of wind-deposited sand in backfill of highway bridge culvert. Roadbed Eng. 2, 145–146 (2008)
Hallman, David S.: Foamed sand backfilling for subsidence mitigation at Glenrock, Wyoming. Rocky Mt. Geo Conf. 12, 151–167 (2018)
Liebscher, M.; Klameth, M.; Falter, B.; et al.: Use of EPS bedding materials in pipeline installation. J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract. 10(1), 04018037 (2019)
Mahgoub, A.; El Naggar, H.: Using TDA as an engineered stress-reduction fill over preexisting buried pipes. J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract. 10(1), 04018034 (2019)
Sun, Q.; Zhang, J.X.; Zhou, N.: Early-age strength of Aeolian sand-based cemented backfilling materials: experimental results. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 43(4), 1697–1708 (2018)
Mou, X.Y.; Gu, P.: A review of engineering characteristics of Aeolian sand in China. J. Inner Mong. Agric. Univ. 3, 308–309 (2010)
Li, Z.N.; C, J.; Wang, C.; et al.: Design,Construction and Disaster Prevention Measures of Aeolian Sand Subgrade, pp. 22–23. Shanghai Science & Technology Publishers (2018)
Yang, R.F.; Zeng, J.Y.; Lin, D.: Compaction mechanism and compaction characteristics of Aeolian sand. J. Chang’an Univ. Nat. Sci. Edit. 7(4), 25–26 (2011)
Lessard, G.; Mitchell, J.K.: The causes and effects of aging in quick clays. Can. Geotech. J. 22(3), 335–346 (1985)
Li, D.C.: Study on the performance of lime fly ash stabilized sand road in desert. Central South Highw. Eng. 30(3), 92–96 (2005)
Yuan, Y.Q.: Technology and Application of Silty Soil Subgrade Treatment. China Building Industry Press, Beijing (2013)
Acknowledgements
This research is supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology Projects of the Ministry of Transport (No. 2011318363700). The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
He, Y., Yuan, X. Experimental Study on Solidifying Aeolian Sand Filled in the Narrow Space of Distress Culverts. Arab J Sci Eng 45, 3559–3568 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04165-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04165-2