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Optimization of Ceramic Tile Properties from Three Malaysian Clays via Statistical Mixture Design

  • Research Article - Earth Sciences
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Abstract

Clays are most important raw materials in the development of ceramic products, especially ceramic tiles body formulation. Optimization of properties of local clays for application in ceramic tiles industry is important to minimize production costs. The aim of this research work is to optimize properties of ceramic tile bodies containing three Malaysian clays (from Ipoh, Kuala Rompin and Mersing) effectively by using design of mixture experiment of both common floor (pressed at 20 MPa and sintered at 1105 °C) and porcelain (pressed at 31 MPa and sintered at 1170 °C) tiles production practices. Fired properties of body formulation were analysed by fired shrinkage in diameter and thickness, water absorption, bulk density, fired colour of L* and coefficient of thermal expansion. The outcome of the research work indicates that studied clays are suitable to be used in producing almost all ranges of ceramic tiles, but their application is highly dependent on the mineralogical composition and production parameters, such as pressing pressure and sintering temperature.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the School of Materials and Minerals Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia [001/PBAHAN/811212] and Ceramic Research Company Sdn Bhd [Guocera-Malaysia, REF: 2309/LD/Gen/CRC/15] for technical support and funding the research under company sponsorship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Structural Materials Niche Area, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

    Chee Lung Chin & Zainal Arifin Ahmad

  2. Ceramic Research Company Sdn Bhd, Lot 7110 (Guocera – Hong Leong Group), 5½ Miles, Jalan Kapar, 42100, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Chee Lung Chin

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  1. Chee Lung Chin
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  2. Zainal Arifin Ahmad
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Correspondence to Zainal Arifin Ahmad.

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Chin, C.L., Ahmad, Z.A. Optimization of Ceramic Tile Properties from Three Malaysian Clays via Statistical Mixture Design. Arab J Sci Eng 45, 275–290 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04150-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04150-9

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