Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Reynolds stress modeling of flow characteristics in a vegetated rectangular open channel

  • Research Article - Civil Engineering
  • Published:
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A computational technique to simulate turbulent and vegetated flow in a rectangular open channel was investigated. Reynolds stress model was implemented to the circular vegetation patch flow configuration for the investigation of flow properties and turbulence characteristics. A finite volume-based model was developed using a three-dimensional (3-D) numerical code FLUENT and the pre-processor Geometry and Mesh Building Intelligent Toolkit. The model was first validated and then used for simulation purpose. Vertical distribution of mean stream-wise velocities was computed at typical locations. A deceleration in the magnitude of stream-wise velocities was observed within the vegetation patch zone. Minimum values of velocity magnitude were observed directly behind the vegetation structures. Turbulence characteristics in the form of Reynolds stresses and turbulent kinetic energies investigated by this model showed that turbulence was greater in the regions of vegetation patch. This Reynolds stress modeling formulation has shown to be capable of capturing important mean flow and turbulence characteristics in the configuration considered.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

\(u_{i}\) :

Velocity component in i direction;

\(u_{j}\) :

Velocity component in j direction;

\(\rho \) :

Density of water;

P :

Pressure;

\(\mu \) :

Dynamic viscosity;

\({\rho u}_{i}u_{j}\) :

Reynolds stresses

References

  1. Nepf, H.M.: Drag, turbulence, and diffusion in flow through emergent vegetation. Water Resour. Res. 35(2), 479–489 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Neary, V.S.; Constantinescu, S.G.; Bennett, S.J.; Diplas, P.: Effects of vegetation on turbulence, sediment transport, and stream morphology. J. Hydraul. Eng. 138(9), 765–776 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Lopez, F.; García, M.H.: Mean flow and turbulence structure of open channel flow through non-emergent vegetation. J. Hydralic. Eng. 127(5), 392–402 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Choi, S.-U.; Kang, H.: Reynolds stress modelling of vegetated open channel flows. J. Hydraulic. Res. 42(1), 3–11 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jahra, F.; Kawahara, Y.; Hasegawa, F.; Yamamoto, H.: Flow-vegetation interaction in a compound open channel with emergent vegetation. Int. J. River Basin Manag. 9(3–4), 247–256 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hinze, J.O.: Turbulence, 2nd edn. McGraw Hill, New York (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Zdravkovich, M.M.: Review of flow interference between two circular cylinders in various arrangements. ASME J. Fluids Eng. 99, 618–633 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Poreh, M.: Turbulent energy dissipation model for fins with drag reduction. J. Fluids Eng. 100, 107 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Malin, M.R.: Turbulent pipe flow of Herschel–Bulkley fluids. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 25(3), 321–330 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Pinho, F.T.: A GNF framework for turbulent flow models of drag reducing fluids and proposal for a k-e type closure. J. Non Newton. Fluid Mech. 114(2), 149–184 (2003)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Leighton, R.; Walker, D.T.; Stephens, T.; Garwood, G.: Reynolds stress modeling for drag reducing viscoelastic flows. In: ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp. 735–744 (2003)

  12. Pinho, F.T.; Li, C.F.; Younis, B.A.; Sureshkumar, R.: A low Reynolds number turbulence closure for viscoelastic fluids. J. Nonnewton. Fluid Mech. 154(2), 89–108 (2008)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Resende, P.R.; Kim, K.; Younis, B.A.; Sureshkumar, R.; Pinho, F.T.; Fene, P.: A k-e turbulence model for low and intermediate regimes of polymer-induced drag reduction. J. Nonnewton. Fluid Mech. 166(12), 639–660 (2011)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Resende, P.R.; Pinho, F.T.; Cruz, D.O.: A Reynolds stress model for turbulent flows of viscoelastic fluids. J. Turbul. 14(12), 1–36 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Iaccarino, G.; Shaqfeh, E.S.; Dubief, Y.: Reynolds-averaged modeling of polymer drag reduction in turbulent flows. J. Nonnewton. Fluid Mech. 165(7), 376–384 (2010)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Masoudian, M.; Kim, K.; Pinho, F.T.; Sureshkumar, R.: A viscoelastic turbulent flow model valid up to the maximum drag reduction limit. J. Non-newton. Fluid Mech. 202, 99–111 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Tsukahara, T.; Kawaguchi, Y.: Proposal of damping function forlow-Reynolds number-model applicable in prediction of turbulentviscoelastic-fluid flow. J. Appl. Math. (2013)

  18. Thais, L.; Tejada-Martinez, A.E.; Gatski, T.B.; Mompean, G.: Temporal large eddy simulations of turbulent viscoelastic drag reduction flows. Phys. Fluids. 22(1), 013103 (2010)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Lockard, D.P.: Summary of the tandem cylinder solutions from the benchmark problems for airframe noise computations-I workshop. In 49th Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, FL, USA, 04–07 January Paper No. AIAA-2011-0353 (2011)

  20. Schwamborn, D.; Strelets, M.: ATAAC—an EU-project dedicated to hybrid RANS/LES methods. In: Fu, S., Haase, W., Peng, S.-H., Schwamborn, D. (Eds.), Advances in Hybrid RANS-LES Modelling 4. In: Notes On Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, vol. 117. Springer, pp. 59–75. (ISBN 978-3-642-31817-4) (2012)

  21. Garbaruk, A.; Shur, M.; Strelets, M.: Turbulent flow past two-body configurations, pp. 2–12 Knowledge Base wiki of ERCOFTAC. https://qnet-ercoftac.cfms.org.uk/w/index.php/UFR. (2012)

  22. Garbaruk, A.V.; Spalart, P.R.; Strelets, MKh; Shur, M.L.: Flow and noise prediction for tandem cylinder. Matem. Mod. 26(6), 119–136 (2014)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Weinmann, M.; Sandberg, R.D.; Doolan, C.: Tandem cylinder flow and noise predictions using a hybrid RANS/LES approach. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 50, 263–278 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Wenxin, Huai; Weijie, Wang; Yang, Hu; Yuhong, Zeng; Zhonghua, Yang: Analytical model of the mean velocity distribution in an open channel with double-layered rigid vegetation. Adv. Water Resour. 69, 106–113 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Poggi, D.; Porporato, A.; Ridolfi, L.; Albertson, J.D.; Katul, G.G.: The effect of vegetation density on canopy sub-layer turbulence. Bound. Layer. Meteorol. 111, 565–587 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Takemura, T.; Tanaka, N.: Flow structures and drag characteristics of a colony-type emergent roughness model mounted on a flat plate in uniform flow. Fluid Dyn. Res. 39, 694–710 (2007)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Versteeg, H.K.; Malalasekera, W. An introduction to computational fluid dynamics. https://ekaoktariyantonugroho.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/an-introduction-to-computational-fluiddynamics-versteeg.pdf

  28. Goharzadeh, A.; Molki, A.: Measurement of fluid velocity development behind a circular cylinder using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Eur. J. Phys. 36, 015001 (10pp) (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Higher Education Commission, Pakistan, for providing CFD facilities at University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila, Pakistan, which were utilized to conduct this research work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan

    Naveed Anjum, Usman Ghani, Ghufran Ahmed Pasha & M. Zubair Yousaf Rana

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Usman Rashid

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering BZU, Multan, Pakistan

    Abid Latif

Authors
  1. Naveed Anjum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Usman Ghani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ghufran Ahmed Pasha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Muhammad Usman Rashid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Abid Latif
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M. Zubair Yousaf Rana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naveed Anjum.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Anjum, N., Ghani, U., Pasha, G.A. et al. Reynolds stress modeling of flow characteristics in a vegetated rectangular open channel. Arab J Sci Eng 43, 5551–5558 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3229-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3229-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation