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Mechanical and Durability Behaviour of Structural Lightweight Concrete Produced with Volcanic Scoria

  • Research Article - Civil Engineering
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Abstract

In this paper, the mechanical and long-term durability behaviour of structural lightweight concrete (LWC) produced with natural lightweight scoria aggregate (LWSA) from the Azores is analysed. Among the properties studied are the compressive and tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, shrinkage, capillary absorption, carbonation and chloride resistance. To this end, a comprehensive experimental study was carried out on different concrete compositions involving common and high-performance structural concrete produced with coarse or coarse and fine volcanic scoria aggregate. Generally, all the mechanical properties worsened with the incorporation of LWSA. It is concluded that the most efficient LWC with LWSA can attain compressive strength up to about 35 MPa. On the other hand, the production of LWC of more than 50 MPa implies a marked reduction in compressive strength for a small reduction in density. The long-term shrinkage increased with the replacement of normal-weight aggregate by LWA and was higher when coarse and fine scoria were used. However, the early age shrinkage can be counterbalanced by the internal curing effect provided by LWSA. The capillary absorption, chloride and carbonation resistance were affected by the high porosity of LWSA. The absence of the outer shell in scoria aggregate and the surface effects during tests can partly explain the lower performance of the LWC. Nevertheless, it is shown that LWC with scoria can be durable, and even for low- to moderate-strength LWC the corrosion induced by carbonation may not be relevant.

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Abbreviations

LWA:

Lightweight aggregates

LWSA:

Lightweight scoria aggregate

LWC:

Lightweight concrete

NA:

Normal-weight aggregates

NWC:

Normal-weight concrete

LWCSC:

Lightweight concrete produced with coarse scoria aggregate and natural sand

LWCFSC:

Lightweight concrete produced with coarse and fine scoria aggregates

CG:

Coarse gravel

FG:

Fine gravel

CS:

Coarse natural sand

FS:

Fine natural sand

CBA:

Coarse bagacina aggregate

FBA:

Fine bagacina aggregate

f L :

Limit strength

f cs :

Ceiling strength

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DECivil/ICIST, Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal

    J. Alexandre Bogas & Tiago Gomes

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  1. J. Alexandre Bogas
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  2. Tiago Gomes
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Correspondence to J. Alexandre Bogas.

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Bogas, J.A., Gomes, T. Mechanical and Durability Behaviour of Structural Lightweight Concrete Produced with Volcanic Scoria. Arab J Sci Eng 40, 705–717 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1550-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1550-4

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