Abstract
Background
Breast cancer, a genetically intricate disease with diverse subtypes, exhibits heightened incidence globally. In this study, we aimed to investigate blood-based microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers for breast cancer. The primary objectives were to explore the role of miRNAs in cancer-related processes, assess their differential expression between breast cancer patients and healthy individuals, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of breast cancer.
Methods
MiRNA extraction was performed on 40 breast cancer patients and adjacent normal tissues using a commercial RNA isolation kit. Total RNA quantification and quality assessment were conducted with advanced technologies. MiRNA profiling involved reverse transcription, labeling, and hybridization on Agilent human miRNA arrays (V2). Bioinformatics analysis utilized the DIANA system for target gene prediction and the DIANA-mirPath tool for pathway enrichment analysis. Selected miRNAs underwent validation through quantitative real-time PCR.
Results
Principal component analysis revealed overlapping miRNA expression patterns in primary and malignant breast tumors, underscoring the genetic complexity involved. Statistical analysis identified 54 downregulated miRNAs in malignant tumors and 38 in primary tumors compared to controls. Bioinformatics analysis implicated several pathways, including Wnt, TGF-b, ErbB, and MAPK signaling. Validation through qRT-PCR confirmed altered expression of hsa-miR-130a, hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-223, and hsa-let-7c key miRNAs, highlighting their significance in breast cancer. The results from microarray were further validated by qPCR and the expression of which are downregulated in breast cancer was detected.
Conclusion
This study provides significant insights into distinct miRNA expression patterns in normal and malignant breast tissues. The overlapping miRNA profiles in primary and malignant tumors underscore the complexity of genetic regulation in breast cancer. The identification of deregulated miRNAs and affected pathways contributes to our understanding of breast cancer pathogenesis. The validated miRNAs hold potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers, offering avenues for further clinical exploration in breast cancer research.
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Data availability
Data is available with authors on request with justification.
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Acknowledgements
The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research and Innovation, “Ministry of Education” in Saudi Arabia for funding this research (IFKSUOR3-601-2).
Funding
This research was funded by Deputyship for Research and Innovation, “Ministry of Education” in Saudi Arabia for funding this research (IFKSUOR3-601-2).
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Communicated by: Ewa Ziętkiewicz
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The original online version of this article was revised: The original article contains an error. The funding statement should be changed from: “This research was funded by the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2024R1005), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia” to: “This research was funded by Deputyship for Research and Innovation, “Ministry of Education” in Saudi Arabia for funding this research (IFKSUOR3-601-2).
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Shahid, M., Syed, R., Ansari, M.A. et al. Blood-based microRNA profiling unveils complex molecular dynamics in breast cancer. J Appl Genetics (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-024-00852-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-024-00852-5