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Controlled release of an extract of Calendula officinalis flowers from a system based on the incorporation of gelatin-collagen microparticles into collagen I scaffolds: design and in vitro performance

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Abstract

Aiming to develop biological skin dresses with improved performance in the treatment of skin wounds, acellular collagen I scaffolds were modified with polymeric microparticles and the subsequent loading of a hydroglycolic extract of Calendula officinalis flowers. Microparticles made of gelatin-collagen were produced by a water-in-oil emulsion/cross-linking method. Thereafter, these microparticles were mixed with collagen suspensions at three increasing concentrations and the resulting mixtures lyophilized to make microparticle-loaded porous collagen scaffolds. Resistance to enzymatic degradation, ability to associate with the C. officinalis extract, and the extract release profile of the three gelatin-collagen microparticle-scaffold prototypes were assessed in vitro and compared to collagen scaffolds without microparticles used as control. Data indicated that the incorporation of gelatin-collagen microparticles increased the resistance of the scaffolds to in vitro enzymatic degradation, as well as their association with the C. officinalis flower extract. In addition, a sharp decrease in cytotoxicity, as well as more prolonged release of the extract, was attained. Overall results support the potential of these systems to develop innovative dermal substitutes with improved features. Furthermore, the gelatin-collagen mixture represents a low-cost and scalable alternative with high clinical transferability, especially appealing in developing countries.

To develop biological skin dresses with improved performance in the treatment of chronic skin wounds, gelatin-collagen microparticles were mixed with collagen suspensions and the resulting mixtures lyophilized to make porous scaffolds. Scaffolds were then loaded with a hydroglycolic extract of C. officinalis flowers and fully characterized in vitro.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Universidad Nacional de Colombia and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (COLCIENCIAS) (grants 1101-521-28661 and 1101-452-21387). We would like to thank Gabriel Zea Jimenez for his contribution to the preliminary experiments and “Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia” for lending us facilities to make the microparticles. Ronald Jimenez was financed by the Faculty of Science at Universidad Nacional de Colombia (teaching assistant scholarship) and by COLCIENCIAS (grant 1101-521-28661). Edward Suesca and Diana Millán were also supported by COLCIENCIAS (grants 1101-452-21387 and 1101-521-28661).

Conflict of interest

Ronald A. Jiménez, Diana Millán, Edward Suesca, Alejandro Sosnik, and Marta R. Fontanilla declare that they have no conflict of interest. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Av. Carrera 30 # 45-10, Bogotá, Colombia

      Ronald A. Jiménez, Diana Millán, Edward Suesca & Marta R. Fontanilla

    2. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia

      Diana Millán

    3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel

      Alejandro Sosnik

    Authors
    1. Ronald A. Jiménez
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    2. Diana Millán
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    3. Edward Suesca
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    5. Marta R. Fontanilla
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    Correspondence to Marta R. Fontanilla.

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    Ronald A. Jiménez and Diana Millán contributed equally to this work.

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    Jiménez, R.A., Millán, D., Suesca, E. et al. Controlled release of an extract of Calendula officinalis flowers from a system based on the incorporation of gelatin-collagen microparticles into collagen I scaffolds: design and in vitro performance. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 5, 209–218 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-015-0217-3

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