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Goserelin loaded nanoparticles inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell lines

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Abstract

Goserelin acetate (Gos) is a synthetic analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) used in treatment of prostate cancer. The objective of this study is to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of Goserelin loaded nanoparticles on both androgen dependent and androgen independent cell lines. Goserelin causes cell death of prostate cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis. Treatment of Goserelin loaded nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP and DU145 in the dose-dependent manner, however did not affect the cell proliferation in PC-3 cell lines. Blank nanoparticles exhibited negligible cytotoxicity on cell lines. In addition, immunocytochemical studies indicated that Gos induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. The presence and characteristics of LHRH receptors and their messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression in human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP were investigated by polymerase chain reaction. Changes in nuclear morphology and DNA fragmentation associated with Gos induced apoptosis were clearly seen in both LNCaP and DU145 cell lines by DNA studies. The PCR product of the expected size of 319 bp for human LHRH receptors was obtained in cell line sample. Goserelin loaded nanoparticles are the potential tool for site specific delivery for prostate cancer treatment.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to Defence research and development, Gwalior, for providing the facility that allowed them to conduct and complete this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India

    Priti Tomar & V. K. Dixit

  2. Defence Research Development Establishment, Gwalior, MP, India

    Neeti Jain & G. S. Agarwal

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  1. Priti Tomar
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  2. Neeti Jain
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  3. G. S. Agarwal
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  4. V. K. Dixit
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Correspondence to V. K. Dixit.

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Tomar, P., Jain, N., Agarwal, G.S. et al. Goserelin loaded nanoparticles inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell lines. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 2, 265–271 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-012-0082-2

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