Skip to main content
Log in

Douleur thoracique et syndromes coronariens aigus : stratégie diagnostique

Chest pain and acute coronary syndrome: diagnosis strategy

  • Mise Au Point / Update
  • Published:
Annales françaises de médecine d'urgence

Résumé

La prise en charge des syndromes coronaires aigus (SCA) avec ou sans sus-décalage du segment ST a beaucoup évolué ces dernières années. L’incidence de cette pathologie est peu élevée en médecine d’urgence, mais son diagnostic est un véritable challenge pour le clinicien compte tenu de sa mortalité élevée. La démarche diagnostique est donc fondamentale en médecine d’urgence. Une évaluation du risque pronostique ischémique et hémorragique permet d’adapter les traitements et de proposer une orientation vers les services adaptés.

Abstract

The management of acute coronary syndrome with or without ST segment elevation has progressed in recent years. The incidence of this pathology is low in emergency medicine, but its diagnosis is a challenge for clinicians considering the high mortality of these patients. The diagnostic approach is essential in emergency medicine. Stratification of ischemic and bleeding risk allows us to adapt treatment and orientation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Références

  1. Van de Werf F, Bax J, Betriu A, et al (2008) Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with persistent ST-segment elevation: the Task Force on the Management of ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 29:2909–2945

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Myocardial infarction redefined-a consensus document of The Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction (2000). Eur Heart J 21:1502–1513

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bassand JP, Hamm CW, Ardissino D, et al (2007) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 28:1598–1660

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Adnet F, Alazzia M, Allal J, et al (2007) Conférence de consensus sur la prise en charge de l’IDM à la phase aiguë en dehors des services de cardiologie. L&C ED, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  5. Danchin N, Puymirat E, Aissaoui N, et al (2010) Epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes in France and in Europe. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 59(Suppl 2):S37–S41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cambou JP, Simon T, Mulak G, et al (2007) The French registry of Acute ST elevation or non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI): study design and baseline characteristics. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 100:524–534

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Fox KA, Steg PG, Eagle KA, et al (2007) Decline in rates of death and heart failure in acute coronary syndromes, 1999–2006. JAMA 297:1892–1900

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chan MY, Sun JL, Newby LK, et al (2009) Long-term mortality of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation 119:3110–3117

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pope JH, Ruthazer R, Beshansky JR, et al (1998) Clinical features of emergency department patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of acute cardiac ischemia: a Multicenter Study. J Thromb Thrombolysis 6:63–74

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Goodacre S, Pett P, Arnold J, et al (2009) Clinical diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome in patients with chest pain and a normal or non-diagnostic electrocardiogram. Emerg Med J 26:866–870

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Body R, McDowell G, Carley S, Mackway-Jones K (2008) Do risk factors for chronic coronary heart disease help diagnose acute myocardial infarction in the Emergency Department? Resuscitation 79:41–45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Sgarbossa EB, Pinski SL, Barbagelata A, et al (1996) Electrocardiographic diagnosis of evolving acute myocardial infarction in the presence of left bundle-branch block. GUSTO-1 (Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries) Investigators. N Engl J Med 334:481–487

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pollack CV Jr, Braunwald E (2008) 2007 update to the ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: implications for emergency department practice. Ann Emerg Med 51:591–606

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Holmvang L, Clemmensen P, Wagner G, Grande P (1999) Admission standard electrocardiogram for early risk stratification in patients with unstable coronary artery disease not eligible for acute revascularization therapy: a TRIM substudy. ThRombin Inhibition in Myocardial Infarction. Am Heart J 137(1):24–33

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Menown IB, Mackenzie G, Adgey AA (2000) Optimizing the initial 12-lead electrocardiographic diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 21:275–283

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD (2007) Universal definition of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 28:2525–2538

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Thygesen K, Mair J, Katus H, et al (2010) Recommendations for the use of cardiac troponin measurement in acute cardiac care. Eur Heart J 31:2197–2204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Giannitsis E, Becker M, Kurz K, et al (2010) High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T for early prediction of evolving non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome and negative troponin results on admission. Clin Chem 56:642–650

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Keller T, Tzikas S, Zeller T, et al (2010) Copeptin improves early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 55:2096–2106

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Geleijnse ML, Elhendy A, Kasprzak JD, et al (2000) Safety and prognostic value of early dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography in patients with spontaneous chest pain and a non-diagnostic electrocardiogram. Eur Heart J 21:397–406

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Goldman L, Cook EF, Johnson PA, et al (1996) Prediction of the need for intensive care in patients who come to the emergency departments with acute chest pain. N Engl J Med 334:1498–1504

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sanchis J, Bodi V, Nunez J, et al (2005) New risk score for patients with acute chest pain, non-ST-segment deviation, and normal troponin concentrations: a comparison with the TIMI risk score. J Am Coll Cardiol 46:443–449

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Antman EM, Cohen M, Bernink PJ, et al (2000) The TIMI risk score for unstable angina/non-ST elevation MI: a method for prognostication and therapeutic decision making. JAMA 284:835–842

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Granger CB, Goldberg RJ, Dabbous O, et al (2003) Predictors of hospital mortality in the global registry of acute coronary events. Arch Intern Med 163:2345–2353

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Campbell CF, Chang AM, Sease KL, et al (2009) Combining Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction risk score and clear-cut alternative diagnosis for chest pain risk stratification. Am J Emerg Med 27:37–42

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ramsay G, Podogrodzka M, McClure C, Fox KA (2007) Risk prediction in patients presenting with suspected cardiac pain: the GRACE and TIMI risk scores versus clinical evaluation. QJM 100:11–18

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Manini AF, Dannemann N, Brown DF, et al (2009) Limitations of risk score models in patients with acute chest pain. Am J Emerg Med 27:43–48

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Moscucci M, Fox KA, Cannon CP, et al (2003) Predictors of major bleeding in acute coronary syndromes: the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE). Eur Heart J 24:1815–1823

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Subherwal S, Bach RG, Chen AY, et al (2009) Baseline risk of major bleeding in non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: the CRUSADE (Can Rapid risk stratification of Unstable angina patients Suppress ADverse outcomes with Early implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines) Bleeding Score. Circulation 119:1873–1882

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Charpentier.

About this article

Cite this article

Charpentier, S., Lauque, D. Douleur thoracique et syndromes coronariens aigus : stratégie diagnostique. Ann. Fr. Med. Urgence 1 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13341-011-0095-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13341-011-0095-3

Mots clés

Keywords

Navigation