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Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Diabetes Quality-Of-Life questionnaire for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Abstract

Objective

Quality of life (QOL) is recognized as an important medical outcome. The aim of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the Diabetes Quality-Of-Life (J-DQOL) questionnaire originally developed by the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial.

Patients and methods

The standard procedure for cross-culture adaptation was followed to develop the Japanese version of the J-DQOL. After linguistic validation, reliability was assessed by evaluating the test–retest reliability and internal consistency. Validity was also assessed by examining the floor and ceiling effects, factor structure, and construct validity.

Results

The responses of 298 of 319 patients with type 2 diabetes who volunteered to answer the questionnaire were analyzed. The J-DQOL and its four scales had high degrees of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.73–0.91) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.66–0.86). Floor effects were found in the categories of worry about social/vocational issues and diabetes. Also, factor analysis indicated that the J-DQOL structure was not completely consistent with that of the original DQOL. Construct validity was confirmed by relative correlation between J-DQOL scores only and certain components of the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Well-being Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory measures.

Conclusions

This study confirmed the reliability of the J- DQOL questionnaire and indicates that DQOL for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is not valid for assessing QOL, especially with regard to worry domains.

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Abbreviations

BDI:

Beck Depression Inventory

DCCT:

Diabetes Control and Complications Trial

DQOL:

Diabetes Quality Of Life

DTSQ:

Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire

HR-QOL:

Health-related quality of life

ICC:

Intraclass correlation coefficient

NGSP:

National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program

OHA:

Oral hypoglycemic agents

QOL:

Quality of life

SF-36:

Short-form Health Survey with only 36 questions

W-BQ:

Well-being Questionnaire

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Miho Nakahara and Yuko Tachibana for the excellent technical assistance. T. Hirose was supported by funds from the Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture of Japan.

Conflict of interest

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan

    Fumihiko Sato, Tomoya Mita, Risako Yamamoto, Takahisa Hirose, Chiharu Ito, Yoshifumi Tamura, Ayako Yokota, Yuki Someya, Toyoyoshi Uchida, Hiroshi Uchino, Chie Ohmura, Akio Kanazawa & Hirotaka Watada

  2. Department of Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Risako Yamamoto, Yoshifumi Tamura, Ryuzo Kawamori & Hirotaka Watada

  3. Department of Center for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Tomoya Mita & Hirotaka Watada

  4. Department of Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Takahisa Hirose & Hirotaka Watada

  5. Department of Center for Beta Cell Biology and Regeneration, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Hirotaka Watada

  6. Unit of Biostatistics, Advanced Medical Research Center, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan

    Masahiko Gosho

Authors
  1. Fumihiko Sato
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  2. Tomoya Mita
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tomoya Mita.

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Sato, F., Mita, T., Yamamoto, R. et al. Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Diabetes Quality-Of-Life questionnaire for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Int 5, 21–29 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-013-0125-z

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