Abstract
RNA silencing is a general strategy for eukaryotes including plants to resist pathogens, especially virus. In turn, virus have evolved RNA silencing suppressors (RSSs) to overcome RNA silencing in plants. In following researches, bacterial, oomycete, fungi have been found to involve in RSS besides virus. In 2021, we initially identified a novel RSS SWP16 from 37 secretory proteins encoded by phytoplasma. In this research, we analyzed the molecular and biological characters of SWP16 including bioinformatics analysis, subcellular localization, effect of SWP16 on plant innate immunity and phylogenetic analysis of SWP16. The results showed that SWP16 is a novel secretory protein which contains an α helix tertiary structure, 5 threonine (T) phosphorylation sites, 2 threonine (S) phosphorylation sites. Furthermore, a Leucine-rich repetitive structure (LRR) was harbored in the transmembrane domain of signal peptide of SWP16, furthermore, a putative secreting model of SWP16 was constructed. In addition, SWP16 localized in nucleus and cytomembrane. In this research, SWP16 was also found not to involve in HR-PCD processes of plant, so it suggested that SWP16 may specifically interfere RNA silencing in plant. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that SWP16 was highly conserved in evolution and shared high homology with a homology protein in onion yellows phytoplasma.
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The authors thank Ma Huan and Yang Yanjun for assistant of re-editing of the manuscript and the fundings for supporting.
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This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772129, 31570144) and the 111 Project from the Education Ministry of China (B07049).
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Licheng Wang performed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. Yuan Li, Xudong Zhang and Zhiqi Song revised the manuscript. Xingan Hao and Yunfeng Wu designed the experiments. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Wang, L.C., Li, Y., Zhang, X.D. et al. Biological characterization and evolution of a novel RNA silencing suppressor SWP16 from wheat blue dwarf (WBD) phytoplasma. Australasian Plant Pathol. 51, 203–210 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-021-00840-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-021-00840-x