Abstract
Objective
To identify clinical and laboratory features that differentiate dengue fever patients from MIS-C patients and determine their outcomes.
Methods
This comparative cross-sectional study was done at a tertiary care teaching institute. We enrolled all hospitalized children aged 1 month–18 years and diagnosed with either MIS-C and/or dengue fever according to WHO criteria between June and December, 2020. Clinical and laboratory features and outcomes were recorded on a structured proforma.
Results
During the study period 34 cases of MIS-C and 83 cases of Dengue fever were enrolled. Mean age of MIS-C cases (male, 86.3%) was 7.89 (4.61) years. MIS-C with shock was seen in 15 cases (44%), MIS-C without shock in 17 cases (50%) and Kawasaki disease-like presentation in 2 cases (6%). Patients of MIS-C were younger as compared to dengue fever (P=0.002). Abdominal pain and erythematous rash were more common in dengue fever. Of the inflammatory markers, mean C reactive protein was higher in MIS-C patients [100.2 (85.1) vs 16.9 (29.3) mg/dL] (P<0.001). In contrast, serum ferritin levels were higher in dengue fever patients (P=0.03). Mean hospital stay (patient days) was longer in MIS- C compared to dengue fever (8.6 vs 6.5 days; P=0.014).
Conclusions
Clinical and laboratory features can give important clues to differentiate dengue fever and MIS-C and help initiate specific treatment.
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Acknowledgements
Namita Bansal, Statistician for analyzing the data and for preparation of tables and graphs. Dr Jatinder Goraya for his advice and support.
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Additional material related to this study is available with the online version at u]www.indianpediatrics.net
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Institutional ethics committee; No: DMCH/R&D/2020/168 dated November 09, 2020.
Contributors
GSD, PAP: conceived and designed the study: SK, NG, KG: recruited the subjects, collected the data; KA, SB, GSD: literature review, initial draft of manuscript; PAP, DB, GSD: contributed to manuscript writing; and PAP, DB, GSD: finalized the manuscript. All authors approved the manuscript submitted.
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Dhooria, G.S., Kakkar, S., Pooni, P.A. et al. Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcome of Dengue Fever and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With COVID-19 (MIS-C). Indian Pediatr 58, 951–954 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-021-2329-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-021-2329-9