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Congenital Lung Malformations: Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in India

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Abstract

Background

There are limited data on congenital lung malformations (CLM) and their clinical course from developing countries.

Methods

A 10-year retrospective chart review of records of children with CLM attending pediatric chest clinic at an Indian tertiary care center was conducted.

Results

Among the 48 children (24 boys) included in the review, the malformations included congenital lung hypoplasia/agenesis in 24 (50%), cystic pulmonary airway malformation in 9 (19%), bronchogenic/foregut cyst in 8 (18%), and congenital lobar emphysema in 4 (9%). Median (IQR) age at symptom onset and diagnosis were 1.5 (0.4,9.5) and 24 (3,62) months, respectively. Median (IQR) weight for age for age z-score at presentation was −2.4 (−1.4,− 3.4). More than a third (37.5%) children underwent surgical removal of resectable lesions at median (IQR) age of 14 (6,42) months. 14 (27%) children had associated congenital heart disease. Median duration of follow-up was 13 months. In children with lung hypoplasia, median (IQR) number of hospitalizations in follow-up were significantly less than that prior to diagnosis 0 (0,0) vs 1(0,2) (P=0.001). Median (IQR) numbers of hospitalizations in follow up were significantly less than that of prior to surgical resection 0 (0,0) vs 1(1,1) (P=0.016) in children with CPAM.

Conclusion

Lung hypoplasia was the most common congenital lung malformation in our setup. Detection of malformation during antenatal period was poor. Age of diagnosis and surgical intervention is often delayed. Regular follow up and definitive and/or supportive management decreased the morbidity.

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Funding

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 110 029

    Krishna Mohan Gulla, Man Singh Parihar, Kana Ram Jat, Rakesh Lodha & S. K. Kabra

  2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Sandeep Agarwala

Authors
  1. Krishna Mohan Gulla
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  2. Man Singh Parihar
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  3. Kana Ram Jat
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  4. Sandeep Agarwala
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  5. Rakesh Lodha
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  6. S. K. Kabra
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Contributions

All authors were involved in patient management, reviewed the manuscript, and approved the final version of manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rakesh Lodha.

Ethics declarations

Ethics clearance: Institute Ethics Committee; Ref No. IEC-770/08.11.2019; RP- 10/2019, dated 27 November, 2019

Competing interest: None stated.

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Gulla, K.M., Parihar, M.S., Jat, K.R. et al. Congenital Lung Malformations: Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in India. Indian Pediatr 58, 129–133 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-021-2127-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-021-2127-4

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