Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Introduction of new vaccines in state immunization schedule — Delhi’s experience

  • Perspective
  • Published:
Indian Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Immunization is an established, cost-effective, preventive intervention to improve child survival. To provide protection against vaccine preventable diseases, all countries in the world have an immunization program that offers selected vaccines to the eligible beneficiaries. In India, Expanded Program of Immunization was started in 1978, and then Universal Immunization Program was launched in 1985 with six antigens. This article describes the experience with institutionalization of four state-specific vaccines by Delhi in its immunization schedule to enlarge the ambit of immunization services. It attempts to highlight the state’s perspective in terms of the implementation policy, operational strategy adopted and evolution of immunization program in the state over 16 years.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Andre FE, Booy R, Bock HL, Clemens J, Datta SK, John TJ, et al. Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86:140–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Economic Survey of Delhi 2014-15-Demographic Profile of Delhi: p.1-17. Available from:http://delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/DoIT_Planning/planning/economic+survey+of+dehli/economic+survey+of+delhi+2014+-+2015. Accessed July 16, 2016.

  3. Census of India: Migration, Govt. of India, Ministry of Home Affairs; Available from: censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/migrations.asp. Accessed July 16, 2016

  4. Dietz VJ, Lewin M, Zell E, Rodewald L. Evaluation of failure to follow vaccination recommendations as a marker for failure to follow other health recommendations. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997;16:1157–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. National Family Health Survey 2, 1998-99; Factsheet Delhi: (1-9) Available from: http://rchiips.org/nfhs/data/dl/dlfctsum.pdf. Accessed July 16, 2016.

  6. World Health Organization. Measles vaccines: WHO position paper. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2009;84:349–60.

    Google Scholar 

  7. WHO global status of mumps immunization and surveillance. Weekly Epidemiol Rec. 2005;80:417–24.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Gupta E, Dar L, Broor S. Seroprevalence of rubella in pregnant women in Delhi, India. Indian J Med Res. 2006;123:833–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Operational guidelines for the introduction of Hepatitis B vaccine in UIP of India, MoHFW, Govt. of India. 2011;3-10.

  10. WHO Hepatitis B Fact sheet N°204; Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/. Accessed July 16, 2016.

  11. Myron M. Levine. Use of Vaccines for the Prevention of Typhoid Fever. Indian Pediatr. 2003;40:1029–34. Available from: http://www.indianpediatrics.net/nov2003/nov-1029-1034.htm. Accessed July 16, 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ahmed ZA, Sunil K. Multidrug-resistant typhoid fever: a review. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011;5:324–37.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sinha A, Sazawal S, Kumar R, Sood S, Reddaiah VP, Singh B, et al. Typhoid fever in Children aged less than 5 years. Lancet. 1999;354:734–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Sharma P, Taneja D. Typhoid vaccine: A case for inclusion in national program. Indian J Public Health. 2011;55:267–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Subcommittee on Introduction of Hib Vaccine in Universal Immunization Program, National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization, India. NTAGI subcommittee recommendations on Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine introduction in India. Indian Pediatr. 2009;46:945–54.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Operational guidelines: Introduction of Hib as Pentavalent Vaccine in Universal Immunization program in India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 2011.

  17. Das BK, Arora NK, Mathur P, Ostwal P, Mandal S, Kabra SK, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus influenzae. Indian J Pediatr. 2002;69:775–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Cabezas C, Echevarría C, Gómez G, Gotuzzo E. Pilot program of immunization against viral hepatitis B, integrated in the extended immunization program in Abancay (Peru). Rev Gastroenterol Peru. 1995;15:215–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Cui FQ, Gong XH, Chen YS. Evaluation on impact of hepatitis B vaccine integrated into routine immunization in the areas of Ministry of Health/Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization (GAVI) Cooperation Project P.R. China. Zhongguo Yi Miao He Mian Yi. 2009;15:289–93.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Opstelten W, Hak E, Verheij TJ, van Essen GA. Introducing a pneumococcal vaccine to an existing influenza immunization program: vaccination rates and predictors of noncompliance. Am J Med. 111:474–9.

  21. Liu W, Clemens JD, Kari K, Xu ZY. Immunization against Japanese encephalitis in China: A policy analysis. Vaccine. 2006;24:5178–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Rani M, Yang B, Nesbit R. Hepatitis B control by 2012 in the WHO Western Pacific Region: rationale and implications. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87:707–13.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Griffiths UK, Korczak VS, Ayalew D, Yigzaw A. Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. Vaccine. 2009;27:1426–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Balinska MA. Hepatitis B vaccination and French Society ten years after the suspension of the vaccination campaign: how should we raise infant immunization coverage rates? J Clin Virol. 2009;46:202–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kumar D, Aggarwal AK, Kumar R. The effect of interrupted 5-day training on Integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness on the knowledge and skills of primary health care workers. Health Policy Planning. 2009;24:94–100.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Key Indicators for Delhi from NFHS-3. Available from http://rchiips.org/nfhs/pdf/Delhi.pdf. Accessed July 16, 2016.

  27. An analysis of levels and trend in Infant and child mortality rates in India National Institute Of Public Cooperation and Child Development, New Delhi: 2014;7-42. Available from http://nipccd.nic.in/reports/imr.pdf. Accessed July 16, 2016.

  28. Childhood Mortality and Health in India. Working Paper Series No. E/292/2008 Institute of Economic Growth, University of Delhi; Available from http://www.iegindia.org/workpap/wp292.pdf. Accessed July 16, 2016.

  29. Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzle R. Cost-effectiveness of introducing a Rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico. BMC Infect Dis. 2008;8:103.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Hospital, New Delhi, India

    Amita Raoot

  2. Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Dharmendra Kumar Dewan

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India

    A. P. Dubey

  4. Government of NCT Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Suresh Seth

Authors
  1. Amita Raoot
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dharmendra Kumar Dewan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. P. Dubey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Suresh Seth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amita Raoot.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Raoot, A., Dewan, D.K., Dubey, A.P. et al. Introduction of new vaccines in state immunization schedule — Delhi’s experience. Indian Pediatr 54, 271–274 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-017-1085-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-017-1085-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation