Abstract
Lifelong learning is referred to as learning practiced by the individual for the whole life, is flexible, and is accessible at all times. Medical Council of India has included lifelong learning as a competency in its new regulations for graduate medical training. Acquisition of metacognitive skills, self-directed learning, self-monitoring, and reflective attitude are the main attributes of lifelong learning; and all of these can be inculcated in the students by using appropriate instructional methodologies. It is time to deliberate upon the instructional designs to foster the lifelong learning skills and behaviors in medical graduates. In this communication, we aim to debrief the concept of lifelong learning, particularly in context with medical training and detailing the process that can be explicitly used to cultivate the attitude of lifelong learning in medical graduates.
References
Mahajan R. Joint National Committee 8 report: How it differ from JNC 7. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2014;4:61–2.
Punjab Medical Council. Renewal of the Registered Medical Practitioners, 2008. Available from: https://www.punjabmedicalcouncil.com/admin/notifications/_Notification%20of%20renewal%20registration.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2016.
Medical Council of India. Regulations on Graduate Medical Education, 2012. New Delhi: Medical Council of India. Available from: http://www.mciindia.org/tools/announcement/Revised_GME_2012.pdf. Accessed Jan 18, 2016.
Miller SH. American Board of Medical Specialties and Repositioning for Excellence in Lifelong Learning: Maintenance of Certification. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2005;25:151–6.
Friesen N, Anderson T. Interaction for lifelong learning. Br J Edu Technol. 2004;35:679–87.
Cohen WJ. Lifelong learning -A definition and a challenge. Educational Leadership. 1975;33:83–4.
Delors J, Mufti IA, Amagi I, Carneiro R, Chung F, Geremek B, et al. Report to UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-first Century. Paris: UNESCO Publications; 1996. p. 99–100.
Lifelong learning Council Queenland Inc. Supporting and promoting adult and community learning. Available from: http://www.llcq.org.au/01_cms/details.asp?ID=12. Accessed Jan 20, 2016.
Commission of the European Communities. Making a European Area of lifelong learning a Reality. Brussels: Commission of the European Countries; 2001. p. 3,9,33.
The National Agency for Education. Lifelong learning and Lifewide Learning. Stockholm: Liber Distribution Publication Service; 2000. p. 18–19.
Goodyear P. Environments for Lifelong Learning: Ergonomics, Architecture and Educational Design. In: Spector JM, Anderson TM (editors). Integrated and Holistic Perspectives on Learning, Instruction and Technology–Understanding Complexity. Hingham, MA (USA): Kluwer Medical Publishers; 2000. p. 1–18.
Chitiba CA. Lifelong learning challenges and opportunities for traditional universities. Procedia–Social and Behavioural Sciences. 2012;46:1943–7.
Soni S. Lifelong Learning–Education and Training. Proceedings of the FIG Working Week 2012 -Knowing to manage the territory, protect the environment, evaluate the cultural heritage. Rome, Italy, 6-10 May, 2012. Available from: https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/fig_proceed ings/fig2012/papers/ts05i/TS05I_soni_5945.pdf. Accessed January 20, 2016.
Mc Combs BL. Motivation and lifelong learning. Educational Psychologist. 1991;26:117–27.
Pisklakov S, Rimal J, Mc Guirt S. Role of self-evaluation and self-assessment in medical student and resident education. British J Education Society Behavioural Science. 2014;4:1–9.
Chavan P. Lifelong learning: need and importance. Indian J Adult Education. 2012;73(4). Available from: http://iaeaindia.org/journal/oct-dec12/prabhakar.html. Accessed January 20, 2016.
Nordstrom NM. Top ten benefits of life long learning. Available from: http://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/Top_10_Benefits_of_Lifelong_Learning.html. Accessed January 20, 2016.
Ridley DS, Schultz PA, Glanz RS, Weinstein CE. Selfregulated learning: The interactive influence of metacognitive awareness and goal-setting. J Exp Educ. 1992;60:293–306.
Bransford JD, Sherwood R, Vye N, Rieser J. Teaching thinking and problem solving. American Psychologist. 1986;41:1078–89.
Edwards R, Ranson S, Strain M. Reflexivity: towards a theory of lifelong learning. Int J Lifelong Education. 2002;21:525–36.
Manner BM. Learning styles and multiple intelligences in students. Journal of College Science Teaching. [Internet] 2001. Available from: http://www.nsta.org/publications/news/story.aspx?id=40969. Accessed January 22, 2016.
Sternberg RJ. The concept of intelligence and its role in lifelong learning and success. American Psychologist. 1997;52:1030–7.
The VARK questionnaire–How do I learn best. Available from: http://vark-learn.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/The-VARK-Questionnaire.pdf. Accessed April 04, 2016.
Burke AE, Benson B, Englander R, Carraccio C, Hicks PJ. Domain of competence: practice-based learning and improvement. Acad Pediatr. 2014;14:S38–S54.
Bravata DM, Huot SJ, Abernathy HS, Skeff KM. The development and implementation of a curriculum to improve clinicians’ self-directed learning skills: a pilot project. BMC Med Educ. 2003;3:7.
Reed S, Lockspeiser TM, Burke A, Gifford KA, Hanson JL, Mahan JD, et al. Practical suggestions for the creation and use of meaningful learning goals in graduate medical education. Acad Pediatr. 2016;16:20–4.
Collins J. Educational techniques for lifelong learning. Radiographics. 2004;24:1483–89.
Dunlap JC. Preparing students for life learning: A review of instructional methodologies. In: Proceedings of selected research and development presentations at National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology held at 19th Albuquerque, NM, USA; Feb 14-18, 1997. p. 35–46.
Wood DF. Problem based learning. BMJ. 2003;326:328–30.
Fadzil M, Andreasen LB, Buhl M, Munira TA. The concept of ubiquity and technology in lifelong learning. In: Lee T (ed). E-ASEM Collaborative Research Paper: e learning for lifelong learning in ubiquitous society. Seoul: KNOU Press; 2012. p. 1–17.
Ram P, Ram A, Sprague C. From Student Learner to Professional Learner: Training for Lifelong learning through On-Line PBL. [Internet] 2007. Available from: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/faculty/ashwin/papers/er-05-03.pdf. Accessed January 25, 2016.
Palincsar AS, Klenk L. Fostering literacy learning in supportive contexts. J Learning Disabil. 1992;25:211–225.
Joshi MK, Gupta P, Singh T. Portfolio based learning and assessment. Indian Pediatr. 2015;52:231–5.
Tochel C, Haig A, Hesketh A, Cadzow A, Beggs K, Colthart I, et al. The effectiveness of portfolios for postgraduate assessment and education: BEME Guide No 12. Med Teach. 2009;31:299–318.
Tiwari A, Tang C. From process to outcome: The effect of portfolio assessment on student learning. Nurse Education Today. 2003;23:269–77.
Al-Shehri A. Learning by reflection in general practice: a study report. Educ Gen Pract. 1995;7:237–48.
Ebener S. Knowledge mapping as a technique to support knowledge translation. Available from: http://www.who.int/kms/events/KMapping_SEbener.pdf. Accessed January 27, 2016.
Stauble B. Using concept maps to develop lifelong learning skills: A case study. Available from: http://www.itari.in/categories/lifelonglearning/modelforlifelonglearning.pdf. Accessed January 27, 2016.
Hanewald R. Cultivating lifelong learning skills in undergraduate students through the collaborative creation of digital knowledge maps. Procedia–Soc Behav Sci. 2012;69:847–53.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mahajan, R., Badyal, D.K., Gupta, P. et al. Cultivating lifelong learning skills during graduate medical training. Indian Pediatr 53, 797–804 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-016-0934-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-016-0934-9