Abstract
Objective
To assess the proportion and pattern of extracardiac birth defects in children with congenital heart defects referred to a tertiary care institute.
Methods
Cross-sectional observational study from January 2010 to June 2011.
Results
Out of 560 children with congenital heart defects, 98 (17.5%) had extracardiac birth defects. Fifty-six had multiple congenital defects; 36 were syndromic cases and 6 had laterality defects. A total of 386 extracardiac birth defects (103 major and 283 minor) were documented, with craniofacial and skeletal birth defects being the commonest.
Conclusion
Extracardiac birth defects are common in children with congenital heart defects.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
National Birth Defects Prevention Network. Guidelines for Conducting Birth Defects Surveillance. Atlanta, GA: National Birth Defects Prevention Network, Inc; 2004.
Reller MD, Strickland MJ, Riehle-Colarusso T, Mahle WT, Correa A. Prevalence of congenital heart defects in metropolitan Atlanta, 1998–2005. J Pediatr. 2008;153:807–813.
Copeland GE, Kirby RS. Using birth defects registry data to evaluate infant and childhood mortality associated with birth defects: an alternative to traditional mortality assessment using underlying cause of death statistics. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2007;79:792–797.
Kramer HH, Majewski F, Trampisch HJ, Rammos S, Bourgeois M. Malformation patterns in children with congenital heart disease. Am J Dis Child. 1987;141:789–795.
Hoffman JI, Christianson R. Congenital heart disease in a cohort of 19,502 births with long-term follow-up. Am J Cardiol. 1978;42:641–647.
Rasmussen SA, Olney RS, Holmes LB, Lin AE, Keppler-Noreuil KM, Moore CA. Guidelines for Case Classification for the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2003;67:193–201.
Allanson JE, Cunniff C, Hoyme HE, McGaughran J, Muenke M, Neri G. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the head and face. Am J Med Genet. 2009;149A:6–28.
Hall BD, Graham JM Jr, Cassidy SB, Opitz JM. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the periorbital region. Am J Med Genet. 2009;149A:29–39.
Hunter A, Frias JL, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Hughes H, Jones KL, Wilson L. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the ear. Am J Med Genet. 2009;149A:40–60.
Carey JC, Cohen MM Jr, Curry CJ, Devriendt K, Holmes LB, Verloes A. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the lips, mouth, and oral region. Am J Med Genet A. 2009;149A:77–92.
Biesecker LG, Aase JM, Clericuzio C, Gurrieri F, Temple IK, Toriello H. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the hands and feet. Am J Med Genet A. 2009;149A:93–127.
Jones KL. Smith’s Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2006.
Miller A, Riehle-Colarusso T, Alverson CJ, Frías JL, Correa A. Congenital heart defects and major structural noncardiac anomalies, Atlanta, Georgia, 1968 to 2005. J Pediatr. 2011;159:70–78.
Tennstedt C, Chaoui R, Korner H, Dietel M. Spectrum of congenital heart defects and extracardiac malformations associated with chromosomal abnormalities: Results of a seven year necropsy study. Heart. 1999;82:34–39.
Gucer S, Ince T, Kale G, Akcoren Z, Ozkutlu S, Talim B, et al. Noncardiac malformations in congenital heart disease: a retrospective analysis of 305 pediatric autopsies. Turk J Pediatr. 2005;47:159–166.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Karande, S., Patil, V., Kher, A. et al. Extracardiac birth defects in children with congenital heart defects. Indian Pediatr 51, 389–391 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-014-0415-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-014-0415-y