Abstract
Urbanization has rapidly increased in recent decades and the negative effects on biodiversity have been widely reported. Urban green areas can contribute to improving human well-being, maintaining biodiversity, and ecosystem services (e.g. pollination). Here we examine the evolution of studies on plant–pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide, reviewing also research funding and policy actions. We documented a significant increase in the scientific production on the theme in recent years, especially in the temperate region; tropical urban ecosystems are still neglected. Plant–pollinator interactions are threatened by urbanization in complex ways, depending on the studied group (plant or pollinator [generalist or specialist]) and landscape characteristics. Several research opportunities emerge from our review. Research funding and policy actions to pollination/pollinator in urban ecosystems are still scarce and concentrated in developed countries/temperate regions. To make urban green spaces contribute to the maintenance of biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services, transdisciplinary approaches (ecological–social–economic–cultural) are needed.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco-FACEPE, which funded this study via grants to JLSS (Grant No. IBPG-0774-2.03/13), MTPO (grant number IBPG-0420-2.03/14) and OCN (Grant No. APQ-0789-2.05/16 and BCT-0208-2.05/17). The study was also funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq (Grants: 481755/2013-6 and 309505/20186 to AVL) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES (Grant 001 to MTPO, JLSS, OCN, MT and AVL). Data on Research funding/Grants and Policy documents were kindly provided by Digital Science’s Dimensions Platform (2020), an inter-linked research information system (https://app.dimensions.ai).
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JLSS, MTPO, and OCN have contributed equally to this work. AVL, JLSS and OCN conceived the ideas; JLSS, MTPO and OCN contributed to data collection; JLSS, MTPO and OCN analyzed the data; JLSS and OCN wrote first draft; JLSS, OCN, MT and AVL contributed to writing, review and editing; all author contributed to funding acquisition.
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Silva, J.L.S., de Oliveira, M.T.P., Cruz-Neto, O. et al. Plant–pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide: A comprehensive review including research funding and policy actions. Ambio 50, 884–900 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01410-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01410-z