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Transcription factor decoy: a pre-transcriptional approach for gene downregulation purpose in cancer

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Tumor Biology

Abstract

Gene therapy as a therapeutic approach has been the dream for many scientists around the globe. Many strategies have been proposed and applied for this purpose, yet the void for a functional safe method is still apparent. Since most of the diseases are caused by undesirable upregulation (oncogenes) or downregulation (tumor suppressor genes) of genes, major gene therapy’s techniques affect gene expression. Most of the methods are used in post-transcriptional level such as RNA inhibitory (RNAi) and splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs). RNAi blocks messenger RNA (mRNA) translation by mRNA degradation or interruption between attachments of mRNA with ribosomes’ subunits. However, one of the novel methods is the usage of transcription factor targeted decoys. DNA decoys are the new generation of functional gene downregulatory oligonucleotides which compete with specific binding sites of transcription factors. Considering the exponential growth of this technique in both in vitro and in vivo studies, in this paper, we aim to line out the description, design, and application of decoys in research and therapy.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate Nadia Chamani for assistance in preparing the figures.

Author disclosure statement

Authors disclose any commercial associations that might create a conflict of interest in connection with submitted manuscripts.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, 1997775555, Tehran, Iran

      Seyed Mohammad Ali Hosseini Rad, Lida Langroudi, Fatemeh Kouhkan, Alireza Nouri Koupaee, Sara Asgharpour, Zahra Shojaei & Ehsan Arefian

    2. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-331, Tehran, Iran

      Seyed Mohammad Ali Hosseini Rad, Laleh Yazdani & Taravat Bamdad

    3. Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran

      Ehsan Arefian

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    1. Seyed Mohammad Ali Hosseini Rad
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    8. Taravat Bamdad
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    9. Ehsan Arefian
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    Correspondence to Taravat Bamdad or Ehsan Arefian.

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    Seyed Mohammad Ali Hosseini Rad and Lida Langroudi contributed equally to this work.

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    Rad, S.M.A.H., Langroudi, L., Kouhkan, F. et al. Transcription factor decoy: a pre-transcriptional approach for gene downregulation purpose in cancer. Tumor Biol. 36, 4871–4881 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3344-z

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