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In silico identification and expression analyses of peroxidases in Tenebrio molitor

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Abstract

Human advancements in agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization have led to various forms of environmental pollution, including heavy metal pollution. Insects, as highly adaptable organisms, can survive under various environmental stresses, which induce oxidative damage and impair antioxidant systems. To investigate the peroxidase (POX) family in Tenebrio molitor, we characterized two POXs, namely TmPOX-iso1 and TmPOX-iso2. The full-length cDNA sequences of TmPox-iso1 and TmPox-iso2 respectively consisted of an open reading frame of 1815 bp encoding 605 amino acids and an open reading frame of 2229 bp encoding 743 amino acids. TmPOX-iso1 and TmPOX-iso2 homologs were found in five distinct insect orders. In the phylogenetic tree analysis, TmPOX-iso1 was clustered with the predicted POX protein of T. castaneum, and TmPOX-iso2 was clustered with the POX precursor protein of T. castaneum. During development, the highest expression level of TmPox-iso1 was observed in the pre-pupal stage, while that of TmPox-iso2 expression were observed in the pre-pupal and 4-day pupal stages. TmPox-iso1 was primarily expressed in the early and late larval gut, while TmPox-iso2 mRNA expression was higher in the fat bodies and Malpighian tubules. In response to cadmium chloride treatment, TmPox-iso1 expression increased at 3 hours and then declined until 24 hours, while in the zinc chloride-treated group, TmPox-iso1 expression peaked 24 hours after the treatment. Both treated groups showed increases in TmPox-iso2 expression 24 hours after the treatments.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund and by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2022R1A2C1013108) and by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2021R1A6A1A03039503).

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  1. Ho Am Jang and Sung Min Ku have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea

    Ho Am Jang, Sung Min Ku, Jae Hui Kim, Yong Seok Lee & Yong Hun Jo

  2. Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea

    Ho Am Jang, Yong Seok Lee & Yong Hun Jo

  3. Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea

    Yeon Soo Han

  4. Research Institute for Basic Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea

    Sang Mok Jung

  5. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea

    Jongdae Lee

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Contributions

Conceptualization, YSH, and YHJ; methodology, HAJ, YSH, and YHJ; software, YHJ; validation, YSH; formal analysis, HAJ, SMK, JHK and YHJ; investigation, HAJ, SMK and JHK; resources, YHJ; data curation, HAJ, SMK, and YHJ; writing—original draft preparation, HAJ, and SMK; writing—review and editing, SMJ, JDL, and YSL; visualization, HAJ, SMK and YHJ; supervision, YHJ; project administration, YHJ; and funding acquisition, YHJ. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yong Hun Jo.

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Jang, H.A., Ku, S.M., Kim, J.H. et al. In silico identification and expression analyses of peroxidases in Tenebrio molitor. Genes Genom 46, 601–611 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-024-01498-7

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