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Fast and Accurate Diagnosis of Autism (FADA): a novel hierarchical fuzzy system based autism detection tool

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Abstract

The main aim of this research work was to develop and validate a novel graphical user interface based hierarchical fuzzy autism detection tool named as “Fast and Accurate Diagnosis of Autism” for the diagnosis of autism disorder quickly and accurately and in addition, this tool also highlights the highly impaired area in each participant. Two groups of children had been participated in this study which includes autism group (N = 40) and normal group (N = 40). The hierarchical fuzzy expert system had been developed using IF-Then rules based on the experiences of the specialists and both the groups were tested on the designed system. It had been validated that the designed system was easily discriminating between the autistic participants and normal participants with an accuracy of 99%. Moreover, the results of the designed system were compared with Childhood Autism Rating Scale; also the tool was clearly highlighting the most impaired area in each participant. It had also been seen that the designed system has a sensitivity of 98.2% and specificity of 99.2%. It can be said that the designed tool can be used by doctors to diagnose autism along with its severity levels and to highlight the highly impaired area accurately and in no time.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CT Group of Institutions, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Anurag Sharma

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Arun Khosla & Mamta Khosla

  3. Cogno Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India

    Yogeswara Rao

Authors
  1. Anurag Sharma
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  2. Arun Khosla
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  3. Mamta Khosla
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  4. Yogeswara Rao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anurag Sharma.

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Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Research involving human participants

This research includes human participants.

Informed consent

Informed written consent has been taken from all the participants and their parents.

Appendix 1

Appendix 1

S. no

Impaired area

Symptom

1

Social relationship

Has poor eye contact

2

Remains aloof

3

Does not maintain peer relationship

4

Unable to relate to people

5

Unable to take turns or respond to social cues

6

Emotional response

Shows inappropriate emotional response

7

Lacks fear of danger

8

Imitation or imaginative play

9

Joint Attention

10

Communication

Delay or total lack of spoken language

11

Difficulty in non verbal language to communicate

12

Stereotype and Repetitive use of language

13

Produces unusual voices/noises

14

Echolalia

15

Behavior patterns

Engages in stereotyped motor movements

16

Insists on sameness

17

Shows hyper/hypo behavior

18

Engages in self injurious behavior

19

Sensory aspects

Insensitive to pain

20

Responds to people/objects by smelling, touch or taste

21

Unusually sensitive to sensory stimuli

22

Stares to space for long period of time

23

Cognitive component

Delay in responding

24

Inconsistent attention

25

Has unusual memory

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Sharma, A., Khosla, A., Khosla, M. et al. Fast and Accurate Diagnosis of Autism (FADA): a novel hierarchical fuzzy system based autism detection tool. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 41, 757–772 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-018-0666-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-018-0666-3

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