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Chromosome diversity and karyotype asymmetry analysis in four cultivated triploid and three diploid wild genotypes of Musa from North-East India

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Abstract

Ploidy and karyotype asymmetry of four cultivated Musa acuminata var. Luwaobi, var. Masung Tabi, var. Gopi and var. Poitrish Kola (2n = 3x = 33) and three wild seeded M. acuminata var. Ram Kola, Musa balbisiana var. Blung Thali and Musa laterita (2n = 2x = 22) were reported for the first time from North East India. The predominance of median constricted chromosomes was found as compared to sub-median constricted chromosome in all genotypes. The average chromosome length varied from 1.55 μm in var. Luwaobi to 1.92 μm in var. Ram Kola. Symmetric karyotype was recorded in the wild as compared to the cultivated Musa genotypes. Out of the twelve inter- and intra-chromosomal asymmetry indices studied, intra-chromosomal asymmetry index (A1) versus inter-chromosomal asymmetry index (A2), relative variation in the centromeric index (CVCI) versus relative variation in chromosome length (CVCL) and heterogeneity of chromosome length (AI) versus dispersion index were found most reliable to assess chromosome asymmetry. Most symmetric karyotype was found in var. Poitrish Kola of Tripura and most asymmetric karyotype was found in var. Luwaobi of Manipur among cultivated genotypes. Genotype var. Ram Kola showed more karyotype asymmetry among the wild Musa as compared to var. Blung Thali of Tripura and M. laterita of Sikkim. Phylogenetic tree obtained from chromosome characters revealed that var. Ram Kola has ancestral karyotype and was found to be distantly related from the others. Two wild seeded genotypes M. balbisiana var. Blung Thali and M. laterita were found to have close relationship with AB genome suggesting the phylogenetic ancestry with AA or AAA genotypes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Head of the Botany, Utkal University for providing administrative and microscopic facilities developed under DSR-III, University Grant Commission, and FIST programme, Govt. of India to carry out the research. Thanks to Prof. (Mrs.) K. Sarangthem, Department of Botany, Manipur University for her help during the collection of banana germplasms from Manipur. The financial support received from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India [Project No DBT-NER/AGRI/33/2016 (Group-I, Application No. 02 & 90)] is duly acknowledged.

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  1. Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751004, India

    Subrat Kumar Dehery, Eleena Panda & Anath Bandhu Das

  2. Department of Botany, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, Tripura, 799022, India

    Puja Rani Saha & Rabindra Kumar Sinha

  3. Centre of Excellence for North East India Studies, (Under RUSA 2.0 Programme), New Academic Block, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751004, India

    Anath Bandhu Das

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Dehery, S.K., Panda, E., Saha, P.R. et al. Chromosome diversity and karyotype asymmetry analysis in four cultivated triploid and three diploid wild genotypes of Musa from North-East India. Nucleus 64, 167–179 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-020-00334-z

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