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Unravelling the genetic variability and population structure of buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.): a collection of north western Himalayas

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Abstract

Buckwheat is a pseudocereal that belongs to family Polygonaceae. It is cultivated as a traditional crop in Asia, central Europe and eastern Europe and is used as food as well as medicine. It possesses high quality protein that lacks gluten and is rich in many nutraceuticals and antioxidants; due to which it is presently in great demand. In the present investigation, we collected the buckwheat germplasm from various regions of north western Himalayas of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh. The material was purified and then used for molecular variability studies. We used 15 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSRs) to study polymorphism among 52 genotypes of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and further, evaluated these SSRs for transferability in other buckwheat species. Among 15 SSRs isolated from common buckwheat; only seven SSRs could amplify the other buckwheat species. These SSRs were then used to study the genetic variability among 110 genotypes of buckwheat based on the allele frequency. These SSRs amplified a total number of 136 alleles, with 30 alleles amplified by Fem-1322. The major allele frequency ranged from 0.11 to 0.42 and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.04 to 0.46. Fem-1322 represents highest Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) of 0.93; followed by Fem-1303 and Fem-1407 with PIC 0.89. The gene diversity ranged from 0.72 to 0.93. Further Darwin based cluster analysis revealed the formation of two major groups by the 110 genotypes. Furthermore, model based STRUCTURE analysis generated two subpopulations which correspond to distance based groups. High level of genetic diversity was observed within the population. The results obtained provided insights about transferability of SSR markers among different species and these findings have further implications in buckwheat breeding as well as conservation strategies.

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Acknowledgements

SMZ is grateful to NMHS GBPNIHESD, Almora, Uttrakhand, India for financial support of this work (Project Sanction Order No. GBPNI/NMHS17-18/SG24/622).

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  1. Corresponding Editor : Sachin Rustgi.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Eram Bashir, Reetika Mahajan & Sajad Majeed Zargar

  2. Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Eram Bashir & Rakeeb Ahmad Mir

  3. MARS, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Gurez, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    W. A. Dar

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  1. Eram Bashir
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  2. Reetika Mahajan
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  3. Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
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  4. W. A. Dar
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Contributions

EB have contributed in conducting the experiment and preparing first draft of manuscript. RM did the analysis and helped in preparing the manuscript. RAM helped in preparing the manuscript. WAD has helped in collection and field work. SMZ has designed the experiment, helped in analysis, prepared the final manuscript and got grant for undertaking this research work.

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Correspondence to Sajad Majeed Zargar.

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Bashir, E., Mahajan, R., Mir, R.A. et al. Unravelling the genetic variability and population structure of buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.): a collection of north western Himalayas. Nucleus 64, 93–101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-020-00319-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-020-00319-y

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