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A study on the effects of thermal treatments and gamma rays irradiation on expired “Helixone” membranes

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Abstract

Polysulfones (PSF) are specialty thermoplastics that are commonly used in dialysis membranes production. In the present work, the effects of γ-rays irradiation and thermal treatments on the expired PSF dialysis membranes (Helixone) were investigated with the purpose of reusing them. Irradiation below 35 kGy or thermal treatments at temperatures below 150 °C were proven not to affect the essential characteristics of the membranes, but chemical as well as morphological changes start to appear at a dose of 35 kGy as well as at a treatment temperature above 150 °C. Structural analysis of the membranes before and after treatments indicated that two mechanisms could be suggested for membranes properties deterioration. Oxidation of the polymer was the main mechanism on irradiation treatment, while polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) degradation and elution were more pronounced in thermal treatments. Both type of treatments at moderate conditions improved the hydrophilicity and water uptake of the membranes but these properties progressively deteriorate at irradiation dose of 35 kGy and at treatment temperature above 150 °C. A method of reactivating expired Helixone was suggested by reloading of PVP followed by treatments in buffer solution at pH = 7.2 for 12 h. This was shown to decrease the PVP elution by 10% in comparison with the un-treated membrane.

Graphical abstract

The polysulfone (PSF) dialyzer will expire after the recommended date stated by the manufacturer due to elution of poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). Loading the PSF membrane with a fresh PVP solution followed by curing by equilibration in buffer solution at pH=7.2, decreased the PVP elution by 10% in comparison with the un-treated membrane.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Prof. I Othman, the DG of the AEC, and prof. A. W. Allaf, the head of the chemistry department, for their support and engorgements. Thanks are also due to Dr. Nizar M. Zuhair Ghazal, the Manager of Othman Charitable Clinic in cooperation with Syrian Arab Red Crescent for kindly providing Helixone membranes. The technical support of Miss. Ghina Alssayes, Miss. A. Obied, Mr. H. Allham, Mr. R. Alshater and Mr. M. N. Alkafri are acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box: 6091, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

    Abdul Ghaffar Al Lafi & Hiba Dada

  2. Analytical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box: 6091, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

    Hamdi Harmalani

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  1. Abdul Ghaffar Al Lafi
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Correspondence to Abdul Ghaffar Al Lafi.

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Al Lafi, A.G., Dada, H. & Harmalani, H. A study on the effects of thermal treatments and gamma rays irradiation on expired “Helixone” membranes. Macromol. Res. 31, 851–862 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-023-00175-0

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