Abstract
The salinity gradient between seawater and river water is a type of Gibbs energy that can be converted into electrical energy by an ion-exchange membrane. Although the salinity gradient between two aqueous solutions can be adjusted in a laboratory to improve the energy-harvesting performance, the salinity gradient in natural resources is rather constant, restricting the prospects of membrane-mediated power generation. To address this issue, we demonstrate the local enhancement of the salinity gradient through hydrogel-functionalized anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. In the composite structure, the surface-modified AAO membrane attracts the mobile counter ions from the hydrogels to increase the local concentration of mobile ions inside the nanopores of AAO membrane. Owing to the local concentration enhancement, the hydrogel-functionalized AAO membranes could extract electrical energy with improved efficiency, which could power small electronic devices.
Graphical Abstract
Hydrogel-functionalized anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes have been prepared, which could locally enhance a concentration gradient in the salinity-gradient cells to extract electric energy with improved efficiency.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. Wang, A. Jasim, X. Chen, Appl. Energy 212, 1083 (2018)
S. Yazdani, M.T. Pettes, Nanotechnology 29, 432001 (2018)
F. Narita, M. Fox, Adv. Eng. Mater. 20, 1700743 (2018)
F.R. Fan, W. Tang, Z.L. Wang, Adv. Mater. 28, 4283 (2016)
Y. Bai, H. Jantunen, J. Juuti, Adv. Mater. 30, 1707271 (2018)
H.-M. Kim, J. Ocean Eng. Mar. Energy 4, 343 (2018)
B.E. Logan, M. Elimelech, Nature 488, 313 (2012)
Z. Jia, B. Wang, S. Song, Y. Fan, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 31, 91 (2014)
T. Luo, S. Abdu, M. Wessling, J. Membr. Sci. 555, 429 (2018)
J. Ran, L. Wu, Y. He, Z. Yang, Y. Wang, C. Jiang, L. Ge, E. Bakangura, T. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 522, 267 (2017)
H. Chun, T.D. Chung, Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. 8, 441 (2015)
M.A. Shehzad, A. Yasmin, X. Ge, L. Wu, T. Xu, Adv. Mater. Technol. 6, 2001171 (2021)
J. G. Hong, H. Gao, L. Gan, X. Tong, C. Xiao, S. Liu, B. Zhang, and Y. Chen, in Advanced Nanomaterials for Membrane Synthesis and its Applications, Elsevier, 2019, 295–316.
C. Cobzaru, V. Inglezakis, In Progress in Filtration and Separation, Elsevier, 2015, pp 425–498.
G. Laucirica, M.E. Toimil-Molares, C. Trautmann, W. Marmisollé, O. Azzaroni, Chem. Sci. 12, 12874 (2021)
J. Kim, S.J. Kim, D.-K. Kim, Energy 51, 413 (2013)
J. Ji, Q. Kang, Y. Zhou, Y. Feng, X. Chen, J. Yuan, W. Guo, Y. Wei, L. Jiang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 27, 1603623 (2017)
A. Siria, M.-L. Bocquet, L. Bocquet, Nat. Rev. Chem. 1, 0091 (2017)
W. Guo, L. Cao, J. Xia, F.-Q. Nie, W. Ma, J. Xue, Y. Song, D. Zhu, Y. Wang, L. Jiang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 1339 (2010)
F. Yan, L. Yao, K. Chen, Q. Yang, B. Su, J. Mater. Chem. A. 7, 2385 (2019)
X. Huang, Z. Zhang, X.-Y. Kong, Y. Sun, C. Zhu, P. Liu, J. Pang, L. Jiang, L. Wen, Nano Energy 59, 354 (2019)
J. Gao, W. Guo, D. Feng, H. Wang, D. Zhao, L. Jiang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 12265 (2014)
W. Xin, Z. Zhang, X. Huang, Y. Hu, T. Zhou, C. Zhu, X.-Y. Kong, L. Jiang, L. Wen, Nat. Commun. 10, 3876 (2019)
K. Raidongia, J. Huang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 16528 (2012)
J.-M. Koo, C.H. Park, S. Yoo, G.W. Lee, S.Y. Yang, J.H. Kim, S.I. Yoo, Soft Matter 17, 3700 (2021)
Z. Zhang, X.-Y. Kong, K. Xiao, Q. Liu, G. Xie, P. Li, J. Ma, Y. Tian, L. Wen, L. Jiang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137, 14765 (2015)
A. Alizadeh, M. Wang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 529, 214 (2018)
C. Wang, X.-P. Zhao, F.-F. Liu, Y. Chen, X.-H. Xia, J. Li, Nano Lett. 20, 1846 (2020)
Y. Yan, J.V.I. Timonen, B.A. Grzybowski, Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 901 (2014)
Z. Zhang, L. He, C. Zhu, Y. Qian, L. Wen, L. Jiang, Nat. Commun. 11, 875 (2020)
A.M.M. Jani, D. Losic, N.H. Voelcker, Prog. Mater. Sci 58, 636 (2013)
A. M. M. Jani, H. Yazid, A. S. Habiballah, A. H. Mahmud, and D. Losic, in Nanoporous Alumina, D. Losic and A. Santos, Eds., Springer, Cham, 2015, 219, pp 155–184.
S.H. Kwak, S.-R. Kwon, S. Baek, S.-M. Lim, Y.-C. Joo, T.D. Chung, Sci. Rep. 6, 26416 (2016)
A.M.M. Jani, I.M. Kempson, D. Losic, N.H. Voelcker, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 7933 (2010)
R. Li, J. Jiang, Q. Liu, Z. Xie, J. Zhai, Nano Energy 53, 643 (2018)
M. Ghorbanloo, N. Moharramkhani, T.M. Yazdely, H.H. Monfared, J. Porous Mater. 26, 433 (2019)
R.G. Acres, A.V. Ellis, J. Alvino, C.E. Lenahan, D.A. Khodakov, G.F. Metha, G.G. Andersson, J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 6289 (2012)
S. Hong, F. Ming, Y. Shi, R. Li, I.S. Kim, C.Y. Tang, H.N. Alshareef, P. Wang, ACS Nano 13, 8917 (2019)
X. Sui, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Wang, C. Li, H. Yuan, L. Gao, L. Wen, X. Fan, L. Yang, X. Zhang, L. Jiang, Angew. Chem. 128, 13250 (2016)
W. Chen, Q. Zhang, Y. Qian, W. Xin, D. Hao, X. Zhao, C. Zhu, X.-Y. Kong, B. Lu, L. Jiang, L. Wen, A.C.S. Cent, Sci. 6, 2097 (2020)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2019R1A2C1086269, NRF-2022R1A2C1003532). This work was supported by the BB21+ Project in 2022. This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) (P0016221), and supervised by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
There are no conflicts of interest to declare.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Iseki, T., Biutty, M.N., Park, C.H. et al. Local enhancement of concentration gradient through the hydrogel-functionalized anodic aluminum oxide membranes for osmotic power generation. Macromol. Res. 31, 223–231 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-023-00134-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-023-00134-9