Abstract
Index Fungorum, Species Fungorum and MycoBank are the key fungal nomenclature and taxonomic databases that can be sourced to find taxonomic details concerning fungi, while DNA sequence data can be sourced from the NCBI, EBI and UNITE databases. Nomenclature and ecological data on freshwater fungi can be accessed on http://fungi.life.illinois.edu/, while http://www.marinespecies.org/provides a comprehensive list of names of marine organisms, including information on their synonymy. Previous websites however have little information on marine fungi and their ecology, beside articles that deal with marine fungi, especially those published in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries may not be accessible to those working in third world countries. To address this problem, a new website www.marinefungi.org was set up and is introduced in this paper. This website provides a search facility to genera of marine fungi, full species descriptions, key to species and illustrations, an up to date classification of all recorded marine fungi which includes all fungal groups (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Mucoromycota and fungus-like organisms e.g. Thraustochytriales), and listing recent publications. Currently, 1257 species are listed in the marine fungi website (www.marinefungi.org), in 539 genera, 74 orders, 168 families, 20 classes and five phyla, with new taxa continuing to be described. The website has curators with specialist mycological expertise who help to provide update data on the classification of marine fungi. This article also reviews knowledge of marine fungi covering a wide range of topics: their higher classification, ecology and world distribution, role in energy transfer in the oceans, origin and new chemical structures. An updated classification of marine fungi is also included. We would like to invite all mycologists to contribute to this innovative website.
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References
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Acknowledgements
Gareth Jones is supported under the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program (DSFP), King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ka-Lai Pang thanks the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for financial support (105-2621-B-019 -002-). Kevin D. Hyde, Monika C. Dayarathne, Vinit Kumar and Chada Norphanphoun would like to thank the Thailand Research Fund grant entitled “Biodiversity, Phylogeny and role of fungal endobiotes on above parts of Rhizophora apiculata and Nypa fruticans” (grant no RSA5980068) and Mae Fah Luang University for the grant ‘‘Diseases of mangrove trees and maintenance of good forestry practice’’ (grant number: 60201000201) for support. Monika Dayarathne would like to acknowledge Dr. Wasana de Silva for her help in preparation of maps.
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Appendix
Appendix
List of marine fungi logged in the marine fungi website
Taxa with the prefix * are asexual morphs whose sexual stage is unknown; # indicates molecular data available for these fungi.
Taxa in underline text are new taxa in press.
Phylum: BASIDIOMYCOTA
Subphylum: Ustilaginomycotina
Class: Ustilaginomycetes R. Bauer, Oberw. & Vnky, Can. J. Bot. 75: 1311 (1997)
Subclass: Ustilaginomycetidae Jlich, Bibliotheca Mycologica 85: 54 (1981)
1. UROCYSTIDALES R. Bauer & Oberw., Can. J. Bot. 75 (8): 1311 (1997)
Urocystidaceae Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw., Can. J. Bot. 75(12): 2052 (1998)
Flamingomyces R. Bauer, M. Lutz, Piątek, Vánky & Oberw., Mycol. Res. 111(10): 1202 (2007)
1. #F. ruppiae (Feldmann) R. Bauer, M. Lutz, Pitek, Vnky & Oberw., Mycol. Res. 111(10): 1203 (2007)
2. USTILAGINALES G. Winter, Rab Kryptog-Flora, Pilze - Schizomyceten, Saccharomyceten und Basidiomyceten 1(1): 73 (1880)
Ustilaginaceae Tul. & C. Tul., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sr. 3 7: 14 (1847)
Parvulago R. Bauer, M. Lutz, Piątek, Vnky & Oberw., Mycol. Res. 111(10): 1203 (2007)
1. #P. marina (Durieu) R. Bauer, M. Lutz, Piątek, Vnky & Oberw., Mycol. Res. 111(10): 1203 (2007)
Class: Exobasidiomycetes Begerow, M. Stoll, R. Bauer, Mycologia 98(6): 908 (2006)
Subclass: Exobasidiomycetidae Jlich, Bibliotheca Mycologica 85: 55 (1981)
1. EXOBASIDIALES Henn. (1900) Graphiolaceae Clem. & Shear, The genera of Fungi: 156 (1931)
Family incertae sedis
Graphiola Poit., Ann Sci Nat (Paris) 3: 473 (1824)
1. G. cylindrica Kobayasi, Nagaoa 1: 36 (1952)
Exobasidiomycetidae incertae sedis
Tilletiopsis Derx, Bull Jardin Bot Buitenzorg 17: 471 (1948)
1. #T. albescens Gokhale, Nova Hedwigia 23: 801 (1972)
Subphylum: Pucciniomycotina
Class: Tritirachiomycetesincertae sedis
1. TRITIRACHIALES Aime & Schell, Mycologia 103 (6): 1339 (2011)
Tritirachiaceae Locq., Mycol Gén Struct (Paris): 208 (1984)
Tritirachium Limber, Mycologia 32: 26 (1940)
1. T. candoliense Cathrine Sumathi Manohar, Teun Boekhout & Thorsten Stoeck, Fung Biol 118(2): 143 (2014) (marine sediments, Manohar et al. 2014)
Subphylum: Agaricomycotina
Class: Agaricomycetes Doweld, Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum, Tentamen systematis plantarum vascularium (Tracheophyta): LXXVII (2001)
Subclass: Agaricomycetidae Parmasto, Windahlia 16: 16 (1986)
1. AGARICALES Underw., Moulds, mildews and mushrooms: 97 (1899)
Niaceae Jülich, Bibliotheca Mycologica 85: 381 (1981)
Calathella D.A. Reid, Persoonia 3: 122 (1964)
1. #C. mangrovei E.B.G. Jones & Agerer, Bot. Mar. 35: 259 (1992)
Halocyphina Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 9: 100 (1965)
1. #H. villosa Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 9: 100 (1965)
Nia R.T. Moore & Meyers, Mycologia 51(6): 874 (1961)
1. N. epidermoidea M.A. Rosell & Descals, Mycol. Res. 97(1): 68 (1993)
2. N. globospora Barata & Basilio, Mycol. Res. 101(6): 687 (1997)
3. #N. vibrissa R.T. Moore & Meyers, Mycologia 51(6): 874 (1961)
2. CANTHARELLALES Gum., Vergl. Morph. Biol. Pilze (Leipzig): 495 (1926)
Botryobasidiaceae (Parmasto) Jlich, Biblthca Mycol. 85: 357 (1981)
*Allescheriella Henn., Hedwigia 36: 244 (1897)
1. A. bathygena Kohlm., Revue Mycol., Paris 41(2): 199 (1977)
Physalacriaceae Corner, Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 33: 10 (1970)
Physalacria Peck, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 9: 2 (1882)
1. #P. maipoensis Inderb. & Desjardin, Mycologia 91(4): 666 (1999)
Mycaureola Maire & Chemin, C R Sanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 175: 321 (1922)
1. #M. dilseae Maire & Chemin., C R Sanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 175: 321 (1922)
Schizophyllaceae Qul, Fl. Mycol. France: 365 (1888)
Henningsomyces Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2): 483 (1898)
1. H. candidus cf (Pers.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2): 483 (1898)
Schizophyllum Fr., [as ‘Schizophyllus’], Observ. Mycol. 1: 103 (1815)
1. #S. commune Fr., Syst. Mycol. 1: 330 (1821)
3. POLYPORALES Gum., Vergl Morphol Pilze: 503 (1926)
Meruliaceae Rea, British Basidiomycertae: A handbook to the larger British fungi: 620 (1922)
Hyphoderma Wallr., Fl. Crypt. Germ. 2: 576 (1833)
1. H. sambuci (Pers.) Jlich, Persoonia 8(1): 80 (1974)
Polyporaceae Corda, Icon Fung hucusques cognitoru 3: 49 (1839)
Grammothele Berk. & M.A. Curtis, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 10: 327 (1869)
1. G. fuligo (Berk. & Broome) Ryvarden, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 73: 15 (1979)
Cerrena Gray, A natural arrangement of British plants 1: 649 (1821)
1. C. unicolor (Bull.) Murrill, J Mycol. 9(2): 91 (1903)
4. HYMENCHAETALES Oberw., Beitrge zur Biologie der niederen Pflanzen: 89 (1977)
Hymenochaetaceae Donk, Bull. bot. Gdns Buitenz. 17(4): 474 (1948)
Fulvifomes Murrill, North Polyp (5): 49 (1914)
1. #F. halophilus T. Hatt., Sakay. & E.B.G. Jones, Mycoscience 55: 347 (2014)
2. #F. siamensis T. Hatt., Sakay. & E.B.G. Jones, Mycoscience 55: 346 (2014)
3. #F. xylocarpicola T. Hatt., Sakay. & E.B.G. Jones (2014), Mycoscience 55: 345 (2014)
Agaricomycetes incertae sedis
1. RUSSULALES Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David, Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi, Edn 9 (Wallingford): xi (2001)
Digitatispora clade
Digitatispora Doguet, C. r. hebd. Sanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 254(25): 4338 (1962)
1. D. lignicola E.B.G. Jones, Mycotaxon 27: 155 (1986)
2. #D. marina Doguet, C. r. hebd. Sanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 254(25): 4338 (1962)
Peniophoraceae Lotsy, Vortr. Bot. Stammesgesch. 1: 687, 689 (1907)
Haloaleurodiscus N. Maek., Suhara & K. Kinjo, Mycol. Res. 109(7): 826 (2005)
1. #H. mangrovei N. Maek., Suhara & K. Kinjo, Mycol. Res. 109(7): 827 (2005)
Phylum: ASCOMYCOTA
Subphylum: Pezizomycotina
Class: Dothideomycetes E. Erikss. & Winka, Myconet 1: 5 (1997)
Subclass: Dothideomycetidae P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon, J.C. David & Stalpers ex C.L. Schoch, Spatafora, Crous & Shoemaker, Mycologia 98 (6): 1045 (2007)
1. CAPNODIALES Woron., Annales Mycologici 23: 177 (1925)
Cladosporiaceae Chalm. & R.G. Archibald, The Yearbook of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1: 25 (1915)
*Cladosporium Link, MagGesell Naturf Freunde Berlin 7: 37 (1816)
1. #C. cladosporioides (Fresen.) G.A. de Vries, Contrib. Knowledge of the Genus Cladosporium Link ex Fries: 57 (1952)
2. C. herbarum (Pers.) Link, in Willdenow, Mag. Gesell. Naturf. Freunde, Berlin 8: 37 (1816)
3. C. macrocarpum Preuss, Deutschlands Flora, Abt. III. Die Pilze Deutschlands 6-25/26: 27, t. 14 (1848)
4. #C. oxysporum Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 10: 362 (1869)
5. C. pseudocladosporioides Bensch, Crous & U. Braun, Studies in Mycology 67: 71 (2010)
6. C. psoraleae M.B. Ellis, Mycol Pap 131: 16 (1972)
7. #C. sphaerospermum Penz., Michelia 2(8): 473 (1882)
8. #C. tenuissimum Cooke, Grevillea 6(40): 140 (1878)
9. #C. uredinicola Speg., Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires 23: 122 (1912)
Mycosphaerellaceae Lindau, in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Teil. 1 (Leipzig) 1: 421 (1897)
*Davidiella Crous & U. Braun, Mycol. Progr. 2 (1): 8 (2003)
1. #D. tassiana (De Not.) Crous & U. Braun, in Braun, Crous, Dugan & de Hoog, Mycol. Progr. 2(1): 8 (2003)
Mycosphaerella Johanson, fvers. K. Svensk. Vetensk.-Akad. Frhandl. 41: 163 (1884)
1. M. punctiformis (Pers.) Starbäck, Bihang till Kungliga svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 15 (2): 9 (1889)
2. M. salicorniae (Rabenh.) Lindau, Hilfsb Sammeln Ascomyc. 2: 103 (1903)
3. M. staticicola (Pat.) Dias, Mem. Soc. Brot.: 21 (1970)
4. M. suaedae-australis Hansf., Proc Linn Soc New South Wales 79(3–4): 122 (1954)
5. M. tassiana (De Not.) Johanson, Öfvers. K. Vetensk. Akad. Förh. 41 (9): 167 (1884)
Pseudocercosporella Deighton, Mycological Papers 133: 38 (1973)
1. P. fraxini (Ellis & Kellerm.) U. Braun, Nova Hedwigia 58 (1–2): 212 (1994)
*Ramichloridium Stahel ex de Hoog, Stud. Mycol. 15: 59 (1977)
1. #R. apiculatum (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) de Hoog, Stud. Mycol. 15: 69 (1977)
Septoria Sacc., Sylloge Fungorum 3: 474 (1884)
1. S. arundinacea Sacc., Michelia 1 (2): 195 (1878) Capnodiales, Mycosphaerellaceae,
2. S. ascophylli Melnik & J.E. Petrov, Novosti Sistematiki Nizshikh Rastenii 3: 211 (1966)
Sphaerulina Sacc., Michelia 1(4): 399 (1878)
1. S. albispiculata Tubaki, Publs. Setomar. Biol. Lab. 15(5): 366 (1967)
2. S. orae-maris Linder, Farlowia 1(3): 413 (1944)
Pharcidia Krb., Parerga Lichenol. 5: 469 (1865)
1. P. balani (G. Winter) Bausch, Publ. Stn. Zool. Napoli 15: 379 ((1936)
2. P. laminariicola Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 16: 209 (1973)
3. P. rhachiana Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 16: 210 (1973)
*Rhabdospora (Durieu & Mont. ex Sacc.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 3: 578 (1884)
1. R. avicenniae Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Mycologia 63(4): 851 (1971) 269 (2006)
Capnodiales incertae sedis
Stigmidium Trevis., Conspect. Verruc.: 17 (1860)
1. S. ascophylli (Cotton) Aptroot, CBS Diversity Ser. (Utrecht) 5: 41 (2006)
2. S. apophlaeae (Kohlm.) Aptroot, CBS Diversity Ser. (Utrecht) 5: 36 (2006)
Teratosphaeriaceae Crous & U. Braun, Studies in Mycology 58: 8 (2007)
Acrodontium de Hoog, Studies in Mycology 1: 23 (1972)
1. A. hydnicola (Peck) de Hoog, Studies in Mycology 1: 31 (1972)
2. A. salmoneum de Hoog, Studies in Mycology 1: 29 (1972)
2. DOTHIDEALES Lindau, Natrl Pflanzenfam.: 373 (1897)
Dothideaceae Chevall., Fl. gn. env. Paris 1: 446 (1826)
Scirrhia Nitschke ex Fuckel, Jb Nassau Ver Naturk 23-24: 220 (1870)
1. S. annulata Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Can. J. Bot. 74(11): 1835 (1996)
Dothioraceae Theiss. & P. Syd., Annales Mycologici 15 (6): 444 (1918)
Aureobasidium Viala & G. Boyer, Revue Gn Bot 3: 371 (1891)
1. A. pullulans (de Bary & Lwenthal) G. Arnaud, Annals d’cole Nat d’Agric. de Montpellier, Sr 2 16(1–4): 39 (1918) [1917]
3. BOTRYOSPHAERIALES C.L. Schoch, Crous & Shoemaker, Mycologia 98(6): 1050 (2007)
Botryosphaeriaceae Theiss. & Syd., Annls Mycol 16:16 (1918)
Amarenomyces O.E. Erikss., Opera Bot. 60: 124 (1981)
1. A. ammophilae (Lasch) O.E. Erikss., Opera Bot. 60: 124 (1981)
*Diplodia Fr., in Montagne, Annls. Sci. Nat. Bot. 1: 302 (1834)
1. D. orae-maris Linder, Farlowia 1(3): 403 (1944)
2. D. thalassia N.J. Artemczuk, Mikol. Fitopatol.: 95 (1980)
*Lasiodiplodia Ellis & Everh., Bot. Gazette Crawfordsville 21: 92 (1896)
1. #L. theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl., Bull. Soc. Mycol. Fr. 25: 57 (1909)
Phyllostictaceae Fr. [as ‘Phyllostictei’], Summa veg. Scand. (Stockholm) 2: 420 (1849)
*Phyllosticta Pers., Trait sur les Champignons Comestibles: 147 (1818)
1. Ph. spartinae Brunaud, J. Hist. Nat. Bordeaux sud-ouest: 4 (1888)
4. MICROTHYRIALES G. Arnaud, Annal. Sci. Nat. Paris: 847 (1925)
Microthyriaceae Sacc., Syll. Fung. 2: 658 (1883)
Ellisiodothis Theiss., Annls. Mycol. 12(1): 73 (1914)
1. E. inquinans (Ellis & Everh.) Theiss., Annls Mycol 12(1): 73 (1914)
Subclass: Pleosporomycetidae C.L. Schoch, Spatafora, Crous & Shoemaker, Mycologia 98 (6): 1048 (2007)
1. PLEOSPORALES Luttr. ex M.E. Barr, Prodromus to class Loculoascomycetes: 67 (1987)
Ascocylindricaceae Abdel-Wahab, Bahkali, E.B.G. Jones, Ariyawansa & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. 75: 19 (2015)
Ascocylindrica Abdel-Wahab, Bahkali & E.B.G. Jones, Fungal Divers. 75: 45 (2015)
1. #A. marina Abdel-Wahab, Bahkali & E.B.G. Jones, Fungal Divers. 75: 20 (2015)
Aigialaceae Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & C.L. Scoch, Stud. Mycol. 64: 166 (2009)
Aigialus Kohlm. & Schatz, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 85: 699 (1985)
1. #A. grandis Kohlm. & S. Schatz, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 85(4): 699 (1986)
2. #A. mangrovis Borse, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 88: 424 (1987)
3. #A. parvus S. Schatz & Kohlm., Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 85(4): 704 (1986)
4. #A. rhizophorae Borse, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 88: 425 (1987)
5. A. striatispora K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 96: 1044 (1992)
Ascocratera Kohlm., Can. J. Bot. 64: 3036 (1986)
1. #A. manglicola Kohlm., Can. J. Bot. 64: 3036 (1986)
Rimora Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm., Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones, Stud. Mycol. 64: 166 (2009)
1. #R. mangrovei (Kohlm. & Vittal) Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm., Suetrong, Sakay. & E.B.G. Jones, Stud. Mycol. 64: 166 (2009)
Amniculicolaceae Y. Zhang ter, C.L. Schoch, J. Fourn., Crous & K.D. Hyde, Stud. Mycol. 64: 95 (2009)
Neomassariosphaeria Y. Zhang, J. Fourn. & K.D. Hyde, Stud. Mycol. 64: 96 (2009)
1. #N. typhicola (P. Karst.) Y. Zhang, J. Fourn. & K.D. Hyde, Stud. Mycol. 64: 96 (2009)
Astrosphaeriellaceae Phook. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 74: 161 (2015)
Astrosphaeriella Syd. & P. Syd., Annls. Mycol. 11: 260 (1913)
1. A. asiana (K.D. Hyde) Aptroot & K.D. Hyde, Nova Hedwigia 70(1–2): 145 (2000)
2. A. mangrovei (Kohlm. & Vittal) Aptroot & K.D. Hyde, Nova Hedwigia 70(1–2): 154 (2000)
3. A. nypae K.D. Hyde, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 110(2): 96 (1992)
*Pithomyces Berk. & Broome, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 14: 100 (1873)
1. #P. atro-olivaceus (Cooke & Harkn.) M.B. Ellis, Mycol. Pap. 76: 8 (1960)
Biatriosporaceae K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. 63: 50 (2013)
Biatriospora K.D. Hyde & Borse, Mycotaxon 26: 263 (1986)
1. #B. marina K.D. Hyde & Borse, Mycotaxon 26: 264 (1986)
Caryosporaceae Huang Zhang, K.D. Hyde & Ariyaw., Fungal Diversity 75: 54 (2015)
Caryospora De Not., Micromyc. Ital. Novi: 7 (1855)
1. C. australiensis Abdel-Wahab & E.B.G. Jones, Mycoscience 41(4): 379 (2000)
Coniothyriaceae W.B. Cooke, Revta Biol. Lisb. 12: 289 (1983)
*Coniothyrium Corda, Icon. Fung. hucusque cognitorum 4: 38 (1840)
1. C. cerealis E. Mll., in Zogg, Phytopath. Z. 18: 11 (1951)
2. C. obiones Jaap, Schr. Naturw. Ver. Schles.-Holst. 14(1): 29 (1907)
Cucurbitariaceae G. Winter, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora, Pilze - Ascomyceten 1(2): 308 (1885)
Neocucurbitaria Wanas., E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Mycosphere 8 (4): 408 (2017)
1. #N. aquatica Valenz.-Lopez, Crous, Stchigel, Guarro & J.F. Cano, Studies in Mycology 90: 45 (2017)
Cyclothyriellaceae Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, Studies in Mycology 85: 39 (2016)
Massariosphaeria (E. Mll.) Crivelli, ber die heterogene Ascomyceten gattung Pleospora Rabh.: 141 (1983)
1. M. erucacea Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Can. J. Bot. 74(11): 1835 (1996)
2. M. phaeospora (E. Müll.) Crivelli, Über die heterogene Ascomycetengattung Pleospora Rabh.: 141 (1983)
3. M. scirpina (G. Winter) Leuchtm., Sydowia 37: 174 (1984)
Quintaria Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 34: 34 (1991)
1. #Q. lignatilis (Kohlm.) Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 34: 35 (1991)
Dictyosporiaceae Boonmee & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 80: 462 (2016)
Dictyosporium Corda, Beiträge zur gesammten Natur- und Heilwissenschaften: 87 (1836)
1. #D. oblongum (Fuckel) S. Hughes, Canadian Journal of Botany 36 (6): 762 (1958)
2. D. pelagicum (Linder) G.C. Hughes ex T.W. Johnson & F.K. Sparrow, 1961. Fungi in Oceans and Estuaries, Cramer, p. 391.
Jalapriya D’souza, H.Y. Su, Z. Luo & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 80: 476 (2016)
1. #J. inflata (Matsush.) D’souza, H.Y. Su, Z. Luo & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 80: 478 (2016)
2. #J. toruloides (Corda) D’souza, H.Y. Su, Z. Luo & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 80: 478 (2016)
Didymosphaeriaceae Munk, Dansk Bot. Ark. 15(2): 128 (1953)
Deniquelata Ariyawansa & K.D. Hyde, Phytotaxa 105 (1): 15 (2013)
1.#D. vittalii Devadatha, V.V Sarma, E.B.G Jones, Mycosphere 9 (3): 570 (2018)
https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/9/3/8
Didymocrea Kowalski, Mycologia 57(3): 405 (1965)
1. #D. sadasivanii (T.K.R. Reddy) Kowalski, Mycologia 57(3): 405 (1965
Didymosphaeria Fuckel, Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. Naturkd. 35: 140 (1870)
1. D. lignomaris Strongman & J.D. Mill., Proc. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 35(3–4): 102 (1986)
Paraconiothyrium Verkley, Studies in Mycology 50 (2): 327 (2004)
1. P. fuckelii (Sacc.) Verkley & Gruyter, Studies in Mycology 75: 25 (2012)
Pseudopithomyces Ariyaw. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 75: 64 (2015)
1. #P. maydicus (Sacc.) J.F. Li, Ariyaw. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 75: 69 (2015)
Tremateia Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Bot. Mar. 38(2): 165 (1995)
1. #T. halophila Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Bot. Mar. 38(2): 166 (1995)
Didymellaceae Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Mycol. Res. 113(4): 516 (2009)
Ascochyta Lib., Pl Crypt: 8 (1830)
1. A. salicorniae Magnus, in Jaap, Schr. Naturw. Ver. Schles.-Holst. 12: 30 (1902)
Boeremia Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley, Stud Mycol 65: 36 (2010)
1. B. exigua (Desm.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley, Stud Mycol 65: 37 (2010)
Didymella Sacc., Michelia 2 (6): 57 (1880)
1. D. avicenniae S.D. Patil & Borse, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Jpn. 26(3): 271 (1985)
2. D. fucicola (G.K. Sutherl.) Kohlm., Phytopath. Z. 63: 342 (1968)
3. D. gloiopeltidis (Miyabe & Tokida) Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Marine Mycology, the Higher Fungi (London): 382 (1979)
4. D. magnei Feldmann, Rev. Gn. Bot. 65: 414 (1958)
Leptosphaerulina McAlpine, Fungus diseases of stone-fruit trees in Australia: 103 (1902)
1. L. mangrovei Inderb. & E.B.G. Jones, in Inderbitzin, Jones & Vrijmoed, Mycoscience 41(3): 233 (2000)
Halojulellaceae Ariyawansam, E.B.G. Jones, Suetrong, Alias, Kang & K.D. Hyde, Phytotaxa 130: 18 (2013)
Halojulella Suetrong, K.D. Hyde & E.B.G. Jones, Phytotaxa 130: 18 (2013)
1. #H. avicenniae (Borse) Suetrong, K.D. Hyde & E.B.G. Jones, Phytotaxa 130: 19 (2013)
Julella Fabre, Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique 9: 113 (1879)
1. J. herbatilis Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Bot. Mar. 40: 296 (1997)
Halotthiaceae Y. Zhang, J. Fourn. & K.D. Hyde, Mycologia 105(3): 604 (2013)
Halotthia Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 9 (1963)
1. #H. posidoniae (Durieu & Mont.) Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 9 (1963)
Mauritiana Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally, Fungal Divers. 4: 102 (2000)
1. #M. rhizophorae Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally, Fungal Divers. 4: 102 (2000)
Pontoporeia Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 5 (1963)
1. #P. biturbinata (Durieu & Mont.) Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 5 (1963)
2. #P. mangrovei Devadatha, V.V Sarma, CREAM 8(2): 239 (2018).
Leptosphaeriaceae M.E. Barr, Mycotaxon 29: 503 (1987)
Leptosphaeria Ces. & De Not., Comment Soc Crittogam Ital 1(4): 234 (1863)
1. L. australiensis (Cribb & J.W. Cribb) G.C. Hughes, Syesis 2: 132 (1969)
2. L. avicenniae Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 9(1–4): 98 (1965)
3. L. maculans (Tul.) Ces. & De Not., Comm. Soc. Crittog. Ital. 1(4): 235 (1863)
4. L. marina Ellis & Everh., J. Mycol. 1(3): 43 (1885)
5. L. nypicola K.D. Hyde & Alias, Mycol. Res. 103(11): 1414 (1999)
6. L. pelagica E.B.G. Jones, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 45(1): 105 (1962)
7. L. peruviana Speg., Anal. Soc. Cient. Argent. 12(4): 179 (no. 168) (1881)
*Neosetophoma Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Mycologia 102(5): 1075 (2010)
1. #N. samararum (Desm.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley [as ‘samarorum’], in de Gruyter et al., Mycologia 102(5): 1075 (2010)
Lentitheciaceae Yin. Zhang, C.L. Schoch, J. Fourn., Crous & K.D. Hyde, in Zhang et al. Stud. Mycol. 64: 93 (2009)
Halobyssothecium Dayarathne, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Mycol Prog 17:1161–1171 (2018)
1. #H. obiones (M.E. Barr) Dayarathne, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Mycol Prog 17: 1166 (2018)
*Lentithecium K.D. Hyde, J. Fourn. & Yin. Zhang, Fungal Divers 38: 234 (2009)
1. #L. rarum (Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss.) Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Stud. Mycol. 64: 145-154 (2010)
2. #L. voraginesporum Abdel-Wahab, Bahkali & EBG Jones, Fungal Diversity 80: 53–55 (2016)
Poaceascoma Phook. & K.D. Hyde, Cryptogamie, Mycologie 36 (2): 231 (2015)
1. #P. halophila Dayar. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 87: 46 (2017)
Towyspora Wanasinghe, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. 78(2): 32 (2016)
1. #T. aestuari Wanasinghe, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. 78: 35 (2016)
Lindgomycetaceae K. Hirayama, Kaz. Tanaka & Shearer, Mycologia 102(3): 733 (2010)
Arundellina Wanasinghe, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. 81: 59–61 (2016)
1. # A. typhae Wanasinghe, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 81: 59–61 (2016)
Lophiostomataceae Sacc., Syll. Fung. 2: 672 (1883)
Decaisnella Fabre, Annls. Sci. Nat. Bot. 9: 112 (1879)
1. D. formosa Abdel-Wahab & E.B.G. Jones, Can. J. Bot. 81(6): 598 (2003)
*Floricola Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 43(4): 385 (2000)
1. #F. striata Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 43(4): 385 (2000
(Alternative classification: Teichospora Fuckel, Jahrbcher des Nassauischen Vereins fr Naturkunde 23-24: 160 (1870); #T. striata (Kohlmeyer & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer) Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, Mycol. Prog. 15 (3/31): 14 (2016))
Herpotrichia Fuckel, Fungi Rhenani Suppl. Exsic. No. 2171 (1868)
1. H. nypicola K.D. Hyde & Alias, Mycol. Res. 103(11): 1412 (1999)
Lophiostoma Ces. & De Not., Comment Soc. Crittogam Ital. 1(4): 219 (1863)
1. L. acrostichi (K.D. Hyde) Aptroot & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. Res. Ser. 7: 106 (2002)
2. #L. corticola (Fuckel) E.C.Y. Liew, Aptroot & K.D. Hyde [as ‘corticolum’], Mycologia 94(5): 812 (2002)
3. L. rhizophorae (Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally) Aptroot & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers. Res. Ser. 7: 108 (2002)
Pseudoplatystomum Thambug. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 74: 237 (2015)
1. #P. scabridisporum (Abdel-Wahab & E.B.G. Jones) Thambug. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 74: 238 (2015)
Vaginatispora K.D. Hyde, Nova Hedwigia 61 (1–2): 234 (1995)
1. #V. armatispora (K.D. Hyde, Vrijmoed, Chinnaraj & E.B.G. Jones) Wanasinghe, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Index Fungorum 324: 1 (2017)
Massarinaceae Munk, Friesia 5: 305 (1956)
Massarina Sacc., Syll. Fung. 2: 153 (1883)
1. M. beaurivagea Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally, Fungal Divers. 3: 139 (1999)
2. M. cystophorae (Cribb & J.W. Herb.) Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Marine Mycology, the Higher Fungi (London): 427 (1979)
3. M. lacertensis Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 42(1): 92 (1991)
4. M. mauritiana Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally, Fungal Divers. 3: 141 (1999)
5. M. phragmiticola Poon & K.D. Hyde, Bot. Mar. 41(2): 145 (1998
6. M. ricifera Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Mycologia 87(4): 537 (1995)
Neocamarosporiaceae, Wanas., Wijayaw., Crous & K.D. Hyde, Studies in Mycology 87: 245 (2017)
Neocamarosporium Crous & M.J. Wingf., Persoonia 32: 273 (2014)
1. #N. obiones (Jaap) Wanas. & K.D. Hyde, Studies in Mycology 87: 249 (2017)
2. #N. salicorniicola Dayarathne, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde, Studies in Mycology 87: 250 (2017)
3. #N. chersinae Crous, IMA Fungus 8 (1): 146 (2017) (Found in sediments in saline lakes)
4. N. jorjanensis Papizadeh, Wijayaw., Amoozegar, Shahzadeh Fazeli, & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progress https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-017-1341-x
5. N. persepolisi Papizadeh, Wijayaw., Amoozegar, Shahzadeh Fazeli, & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progress https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-017-1341-x
6. N. sollicola Papizadeh, Wijayaw.Amoozegar, Shahzadeh Fazeli & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progress https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-017-1341-x
Melanommataceae G. Winter [as ‘Melanommeae’], Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. 1(2): 220 (1885)
Bicrouania Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Mycol. Res. 94: 685 (1990)
1. B. maritima (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Mycol. Res. 94(5): 685 (1990)
Caryosporella Kohlm., Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Pl. Sci. 94: 355 (1985)
1. C. rhizophorae Kohlm., Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Pl. Sci. 94(2–3): 356 (1985)
*Pleurophomopsis Petr., Annls. Mycol. 22 (1–2): 156 (1924)
1. P. nypae K.D. Hyde & B. Sutton, Mycol. Res. 96(3): 213 (1992)
Microsphaeropsidaceae Q. Chen, L. Cai & Crous, Studies in Mycology 82: 213 (2015)
Microsphaeropsis Hhn., Hedwigia 59: 267 (1917)
1. #M. arundinis (S. Ahmad) B. Sutton, The Coelomycetes. Fungi imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata: 423 (1980)
Morosphaeriaceae Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones & C.L. Schoch, Stud. Mycol. 64: 161 (2009)
*Aegeanispora E.B.G. Jones et Abdel-Wahab, Botanica Marina 60: 470 (2017)
1. #A. elani E.B.G. Jones et Abdel-Wahab, Botanica Marine 60: 470 (2017)
Morosphaeria Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones & C.L. Scoch, Stud. Mycol. 64: 161 (2009)
1. #M. ramunculicola (K.D. Hyde) Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones & C.L. Schoch, Stud Mycol 64: 162 (2009)
2. #M. velatispora (K.D. Hyde & Borse) Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones & C.L. Schoch, Stud Mycol 64: 161 (2009)
3. #M. muthupetensis B. Devadatha, V. V. Sarma. et E.B.G Jones, Botanica Marina 61(4): 401 (2018)
Helicascus Kohlm., Can. J. Bot. 47: 1471 (1969)
1. #H. kanaloanus Kohlm., Can. J. Bot. 47: 1471 (1969)
2. #H. mangrovei Preedanon, Suetrong & Sakay., Mycoscience 58 (3): 176 (2017)
3. #H. nypae K.D. Hyde, Bot. Mar. 34(4): 314 (1991)
4. # H. satunensis sp. nov.(in press)
Periconiaceae (Sacc.) Nann., Repertorio sistematico dei miceti dell’ uomo e degli animali 4: 482 (1934)
*Periconia Tode, Fungi Mecklenburgenses Selecti 2: 2 (1791)
1. P. byssoides Pers., Syn. meth. Fung. 686 (1801)
2. P. cookei E.W. Mason & M.B. Ellis, Mycol. Pap. 56: 72 (1953)
3. P. digitata (Cooke) Sacc., Syll Fung 4: 274 (1886)
4. P. echinochloae (Bat.) M.B. Ellis, Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes: 347 (1971)
5. P. minutissima Corda, Icon. Fung. hucusque cognitorum 1: 19, t. 5: 259 (1837)
Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae Phook. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 74: 181 (2015)
Carinispora K.D. Hyde, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 110: 97 (1992)
1. C. nypae K.D. Hyde, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 110: 99 (1992)
2. C. velatispora K.D. Hyde, Sydowia 46(2): 259 (1994)
Phaeosphaeriaceae M.E. Bar, Mycologia 71: 948 (1979)
*#Amarenographium E. Erikss., Mycotaxon 15: 199 (1982)
1. A. metableticum (Trail) O.E. Erikss., Mycotaxon 15: 199 (1982)
2. #A. solium Abdel-Wahab, Hodhod, Bahkali & K.D. Hyde, Cryptog. Mycol. 33(3): 289 (2012)
Amarenomyces O.E. Erikss., Opera Bot. 60: 124 (1981)
1. A. ammophilae (Lasch) O.E. Erikss., Opera Bot. 60: 124 (1981
Lautitia S. Schatz, Can. J. Bot. 62(1): 31 (1984)
1. L. danica (Berl.) S. Schatz, Can J Bot 62(1): 31 (1984)
Loratospora Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Syst. Ascom. 12: 10 (1993)
1. #L. aestuarii Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Syst. Ascom. 12: 10 (1993)
*#Neosetophoma Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Mycologia 102(5): 1075 (2010)
1. #N. samararum (Desm.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley [as ‘samarorum’], in de Gruyter et al., Mycologia 102(5): 1075 (2010)
Phaeosphaeria I. Miyake, Bot. Mag., Tokyo 23: 93 (1909)
1. Ph. anchiala Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & K.M. Tsui, Bot. Mar. 48(4): 308 (2005)
2. Ph. capensis Steinke & K.D. Hyde, Mycoscience 38(2): 101 (1997)
3. Ph. gessneri Shoemaker & C.E. Babc., Can. J. Bot. 67(5): 1567 (1989)
4. Ph. halima (T.W. Johnson) Shoemaker & C.E. Babc., Can. J. Bot. 67(5): 1514 (1989)
5. Ph. herpotrichoides (De Not.) L. Holm, Sym. Bot. Upsal. 14(3): 115 (1957)
6. Ph. m