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The biodiversity of myxomycetes in central Chile

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An Erratum to this article was published on 03 May 2013

Abstract

The results obtained from two expeditions to survey the biodiversity of myxomycetes in Central Chile are reported in this paper. The surveys were carried out as part of Global Biodiversity of Eumycetozoans project funded by the National Science Foundation (USA) and the Myxotropic project funded by the Spanish Government. The expeditions were made to the temperate zone of the central part of the country between 23° and 39° South latitudes, which is characterized by Mediterranean vegetation, as well as to the transition areas between the arid and semi-arid regions of northern Chile, and the humid, cold Valdivian and Andean-Patagonian forests of the far South. Eight of the fifteen regions of the country, from Antofagasta to Araucanía, in selected areas where the native vegetation is well preserved, were included in these surveys. Over 600 collections were obtained, and a total of 110 species of myxomycetes representing 29 genera have been identified. Two of these (Dianema succulenticola, Didymium chilense) are species new to science and are described in this paper, 12 species (Collaria nigricapillitia, Comatricha alta, Cribraria oregana, Dianema depressum, Didymium eximium, D. nivicolum, Enerthenema melanospermum, Lepidoderma chailletii, Macbrideola ovoidea, Physarum clavisporum, Ph. newtonii and Trichia alpina) were previously unknown for either the Neotropics or South America, and 49 additional species are new records for Chile. Comments are provided on the morphology, distribution and ecology of selected species and light and SEM micrographs of the most significant species are included. An evaluation of the biodiversity of myxomycetes in Chile, with special emphasis on the endemic plants that provided the substrates with which they were associated, and a comparative analysis of our results with those from other countries of South America is presented.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by grant [DEB-0316284] from the National Science Foundation (USA) and grant CGL2008-00720/BOS funded by the Spanish Government. Our thanks to Pedro León of the Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas de Chile for his help with the CITES permits, Yolanda Ruiz for her technical assistance with SEM and Renato Cainelli for his help with some of the light micrographs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, CSIC. Plaza de Murillo, 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain

    Carlos Lado & Diana Wrigley de Basanta

  2. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Univ. Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Apdo. Postal 183, Tlaxcala, 90000, Mexico

    Arturo Estrada-Torres

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    Steven L. Stephenson

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  1. Carlos Lado
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  2. Diana Wrigley de Basanta
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Correspondence to Carlos Lado.

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Lado, C., Wrigley de Basanta, D., Estrada-Torres, A. et al. The biodiversity of myxomycetes in central Chile. Fungal Diversity 59, 3–32 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0159-8

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