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The evolution of species concepts and species recognition criteria in plant pathogenic fungi

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Abstract

In this paper, we review historical and contemporary species concepts and species recognition criteria for plant pathogenic fungi. Previous incongruent and unstable classification based on subjective and changing criteria have led to some confusion, especially amongst plant pathologists. The goal of systematics is to provide an informative and robust framework that stands the test of time. The taxonomic histories of Cercospora, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, as well as the rust and smut fungi, are used as examples, to show how concepts and criteria used to delimit and recognize species have changed. Through these examples we compare the Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition, an extension of the Phylogenetic Species Criterion, with other species recognition criteria and show that it provides a better discrimination for delimiting species. A rapidly increasing number of cryptic species are being discovered amongst plant pathogenic fungi using the Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition, and it is important to determine their host range, the severity of diseases they cause and their biosecurity significance. With rapidly expanding global trade it has become imperative that we develop effective and reliable protocols to detect these previously unrecognized pathogens.

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Acknowledgements

Dr Alistair McTaggart (Louisiana State University) is thanked for his helpful comments. Ms. Liu Fang is thanked for technical assistance. Lei Cai acknowledges grants CAS KSCX2-YW-Z-1026 and NSFC 31070020. Tatiana Giraud acknowledges the grants ANR 06-BLAN-0201 and ANR 07-BDIV-003. Parts of this chapter are derivatives of articles previously published (Giraud et al., 2008a; Gladieux et al., 2010). Roger Shivas acknowledges Chinese Academy of Sciences for the Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists (Grant No. 2010T2S12). Dominik Begerow acknowledges the grants BE 2201/4-2 and BE 2201/8-1 from DFG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West Bei Cheng Rd, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Lei Cai

  2. Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Bâtiment 360, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay cedex, France

    Tatiana Giraud

  3. Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Road, Foran Hall 201, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA

    Ning Zhang & Guohong Cai

  4. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Geobotanik ND03/174, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    Dominik Begerow

  5. Plant Pathology Herbarium, Agri-Science Queensland, 40 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Qld, 4102, Australia

    Roger G. Shivas

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  1. Lei Cai
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Correspondence to Lei Cai.

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Cai, L., Giraud, T., Zhang, N. et al. The evolution of species concepts and species recognition criteria in plant pathogenic fungi. Fungal Diversity 50, 121–133 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-011-0127-8

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