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Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Overweight Adolescent Pregnant Mothers

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Abstract

Background

The escalating global concern over increased body weight in adolescents, coupled with the rising rates of adolescent pregnancy worldwide, presents a significant challenge to healthcare systems. We plan to identify the maternal and neonatal consequences associated with pre-pregnancy overweight in adolescent women.

Methods

Throughout five years, all singleton adolescent pregnant women with pre-pregnancy self-reported body mass index (BMI) of 18.5– ≤ 29.9 were involved during the first-trimester visit. Two groups were generated: overweight and appropriate-weight (BMI 25–29.9 and 18.5–24.9, respectively). Obstetric and neonatal outcomes were observed prospectively and statistically adjusted for the confounding factors.

Results

The overweight group (223 women) had significantly higher pregnancy weight gain, birth weight, and gestational age than the appropriate-weight group (621 women). Most obstetric outcomes occurred significantly in overweight women like primary Cesarean section (CS) [odds ratio (OR) (95%confidence interval (CI)) = 1.5 (1.06–2.2)], cephalopelvic disproportion [OR (95% CI) = 1.3 (1.1–1.8)], labor induction [OR (95% CI) = 1.2 (1.09–2.3)]. Regarding neonatal outcomes, macrosomia [OR (95% CI) = 1.6 (1.3–2.7)] and non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS) [OR (95% CI) = 1.1(1.0–1.7)] had higher statistical significance in overweight women. Oppositely, small for gestational age [OR (95% CI) = 0.7(0.4–0.9)] and low birth weight [OR (95% CI) = 0.5(0.3–0.8)] were more frequent in appropriate-weight women.

Conclusion

Overweight adolescent pregnant women exhibited significantly higher percentages of obstetrical outcomes, like as primary CS, failure to progress, labor induction, postdate delivery, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension. Additionally, elevated rates of neonatal complications were found, including macrosomia and NRFS.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

Kg:

Weight in kilograms

m:

Height in meters

WHO:

World Health Organization

CS:

Cesarean section

SGA:

Small for gestational age

LBW:

Low birth weight

NRFS:

Non-reassuring fetal status

SPSS:

Statistical package for the social sciences

OR:

Odds ratio

CI:

Confidence intervals

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Acknowledgements

Grateful acknowledgments are extended to the medical and paramedical personnel at Baghdad Teaching Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Bab Al-Moaddam, Baghdad, Iraq

    Shaymaa Kadhim Jasim & Farah Al-Asadi

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Al-Nahda Square, Baghdad, Iraq

    Abbas Oweid Olewi, Hayder Al-Momen, Mohammed jalal Hussein & Ban Abdulhameed Majeed

  3. Private Sector, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Rand Almomen

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  1. Shaymaa Kadhim Jasim
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Correspondence to Shaymaa Kadhim Jasim.

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SKJ, AOO, FA-A, HA-M, MH, BAM, RA declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Shaymaa Kadhim Jasim is an Asst. Professor; Abbas Oweid Olewi is a Lecturer; Farah Al−Asadi is a Lecturer; Hayder Al-Momen is a Professor; Mohammed jalal Hussein is a Professor; Ban Abdulhameed Majeed is a Professor; Rand Almomen is a Medical Doctor

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Jasim, S., Olewi, A.O., Al-Asadi, F. et al. Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Overweight Adolescent Pregnant Mothers. J Obstet Gynecol India (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-024-01966-w

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