Opportunistic Salpingectomy as an Ovarian Cancer Primary Prevention Strategy

Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal form of all gynecologic malignancies. The presenting clinical symptoms of ovarian cancer are very vague and often appear late in the course of disease. Hence, most patients are diagnosed at later stages. At present, there is no effective screening of ovarian cancer. Primary prevention could be considered a strategy to decrease the mortality from ovarian cancer, not only in women at high risk but also in those at low risk. Most "ovarian cancers," and more specifically the high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) subtype of ovarian cancer, actually could originate in the fallopian tube. Women who have known BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutations should be counseled regarding bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, immediately after completion of childbearing, as the best strategy for reducing their risk of developing ovarian cancer. If the patient is reluctant, they should be counseled regarding risk-reducing salpingectomy when childbearing is complete followed by oophorectomy in the future. For women at average risk of ovarian cancer, risk-reducing salpingectomy should also be discussed and considered with patients at the time of any abdominal or pelvic surgery, hysterectomy or tubal ligation.