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Bacterial community structure of a coastal area in Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea, Russia: possible relation to tidal hydrodynamics

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Abstract

Kandalaksha Bay is an estuarine system located around the North Polar Circle in the White Sea (Russia). This peculiar environment, showing big sea level differences during tide cycles causing intense water mixing, is almost unknown concerning its microbial diversity. In this work, seawater bacterial communities, mainly obtained from a coastal area, were studied in order to gather information on their structure and most abundant populations. The study was carried out by cluster analysis of polymerase chain reaction–temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-TGGE) fingerprinting of partial 16S-rRNA gene amplicons. Bacterial communities were strongly homogenized by tidal water mixing, especially on surface layers and close to the shore. Samples collected from the intertidal zone and the nearby sea surface grouped together with a high percentage of similarity, while those taken offshore at various depths showed evident differences. Multivariate analysis indicated depth as the most significant environmental parameter causing variations in the community structure. High levels of diversity were revealed by both the Simpson’s index of diversity and the range-weighted richness index. The functional organization index suggested that the community was potentially able to preserve its functionality under stressing environmental perturbations. Sequencing of TGGE bands showed that most of the bacteria populations were evolutionarily close to α-proteobacteria. Some γ-proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were revealed too. This work represents the first major contribution to understanding bacterial diversity in Kandalaksha Bay.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Prof. A. Tzetlin and Dr. A. Zhadan, Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, for their kind support during the sampling campaign carried out at the “White Sea Biological Station”, Kandalaksha Bay, Russia. The research was partially financed by the Italian-Russian Institute of Ecological Formation and Research (IIRFRE, Istituto Italo-Russo di Formazione e Ricerche Ecologiche). The Instituto de Parasitología y Biología Molecular Lopez Neyra (CSIC, Granada) is also acknowledged for their DNA sequencing service.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DEB, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo Università snc, Viterbo, 01100, Italy

    Chiara Pesciaroli, Paolo Barghini & Massimiliano Fenice

  2. Laboratory of Applied Marine Microbiology, Conisma, University of Tuscia, Largo Università snc, Viterbo, 01100, Italy

    Massimiliano Fenice

  3. Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, 18071, Spain

    Belén Rodelas & Belén Juarez-Jiménez

  4. Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Edf. Fray Luis de Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, Granada, 18071, Spain

    Belén Rodelas & Belén Juarez-Jiménez

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  1. Chiara Pesciaroli
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Correspondence to Massimiliano Fenice.

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Pesciaroli, C., Rodelas, B., Juarez-Jiménez, B. et al. Bacterial community structure of a coastal area in Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea, Russia: possible relation to tidal hydrodynamics. Ann Microbiol 65, 443–453 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0877-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0877-0

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