Abstract
Funalia trogii extract has been reported to have antitumour properties, selectively killing cancer cells without affecting normal cells in vitro; the extract has also been found to be effective in reducing tumour growth in vivo. The present study was carried out to identify the bioactive constituents in the extract; in particular, the enzyme components (laccase and peroxidase). Results confirmed that laccase (molecular size 65 kDa) was one of the bioactive agents present in the extract. Native gels were stained for protein and the excised bands were analysed using Mascot and Blastp search tools. Laccase was confirmed to be one of the protein bands; however, the identity of the second band could not be confirmed. Also, the role of enzyme peroxidase could not be established in the cytotoxicity of the F. trogii extract. In conclusion, the results indicate that laccase may be one of the potential bioactive components of F. trogii extract, and further studies are required to understand its course of action in conferring cytotoxic properties. The ability to produce these enzymes under liquid fermentation conditions in relatively pure form lends itself for large scale industrial production.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baldrian P (2006) Fungallaccases—occurrence and properties. FEMS Microbiol Rev 30:215–242
Bourbonnais R, Paice MG (1992) Demethylation and delignification of kraft pulp by Trametes versicolor laccase in the presence of 2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 36:823–827
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of proteins utilizing the principle of protein dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254
Bridges D, Moorhead GBG (2005)14-3-3 Proteins: A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein Sci STKE 296. doi:10.1126/stke.2962005re10
Chu KW, Ho SS, Chow AH (2002) Coriolus versicolor: a medicinal mushroom with promising immunotherapeutic values. J Clin Pharmacol 42:976–984
Cing S, Yesilada O (2004) Astrazon Red dye decolorization by growing cells and pellets of Funalia trogii. J Basic Microbiol 44:263–269
Deveci T, Unyayar A, Mazmanci MA (2004) Production of Remazol brilliant blue R decolourising oxygenase from the culture filtrate of Funalia trogii ATCC200800. J Mol Catal B Enz 30:25–32
Dhawale SW, Dhawale SS, Dean-Ross D (1992) Degradation of Phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium Occurs under Ligninolytic as well as Non-ligninolytic Conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:3000–3006
Dong JL, Zhang YZ (2004) Purification and characterization of two laccaseisoenzymes from a ligninolytic fungus Trametes gallica. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 34(2):179–194
Dubois M, Gilles K, Hamilton J, Rebers P, Smith F (1956) Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28:350–356
Farnet A, Criquet S, Cigna M, Gil G, Ferre E (2004) Purification of a laccase from Marasmius quercophilus induced with ferulic acid: reactivity towards natural and xenobiotic aromatic compounds. Enzyme Microb Technol 34:549–554
Garzillo AMV, Colao MC, Caruso C, Caporale D, Caruso C, Celletti D, Buonocore V (1998) Laccase from the white-rot fungus Trametes trogii. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 49:545–551
Gindilis A, Zhazhina E, Baranov Y, Karyakin A, Gavrilova V, Yaropolov A (1998) Isolation and properties of laccase from the basidial fungus Coriolus hirsutus (Fr.). Quel Biochem (Moscow) 53:735–739
Hu DD, Zhang RY, Zhang GQ, Wang HX, Ng TB (2011) Alaccase with antiproliferative activity against tumour cells from an edible mushroom, white common Agrocybe cylindracea. Phytomed 18:374–379
Kawai S, Umezawa T, Higuchi T (1988) Degradation mechanisms of phenolic ß-1 lignin substructure model compounds by laccase of Coriolus versicolor. Arch Biochem Biophys 292:99–110
Keesey J (1987) In: Biochemica Information. First edition Boehringer Mannheim Biochemicals, Indianapolis, IN; p58.
Klonowska A, Gaudin C, Fournel A, Asso M, Le Petit J, Giorgi M, Tron T (2002) Characterization of a low redox potential laccase from the basidiomycete C30. Eur J Biochem 269:6119–6125
Levin L, Herrmann C, Papinutti L (2008) Optimization of lignocellulolytic enzyme production by the white-rot fungus Trametes trogii in solid-state fermentation using response surface methodology. Biochem Engineering J 39:207–214
Lundell TK, Mäkelä MR, Hildén K (2010) Lignin-modifying enzymes in filamentous basidiomycetes; ecological, functional and phylogenetic review. J Basic Microbiol 50(1):5–20
Majcherczyk A, Johannes C, Huttermann A (1999) Oxidation of aromatic alcohols by laccase from Trametes versicolor mediated by the 2, 20-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) cation radical and di-cation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 51:267–276
Mazmanci B, Mazmanci MA, Unyayar A, Unyayar S, Cekic FO, Deger AG, Yalin S, Comelekoglu U (2011) Protective effect of Funalia trogii crude extract on deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in rats. Food Chem 125:1037–1040
Ohkuma M, Maeda Y, Johjima T, Kudo T (2001) Lignin degradation and roles of white rot fungi: Study on an efficient symbiotic system in fungus-growing termites and its application to bioremediation. RIKEN Rev Focus Ecomol Sci Res 42:39–42
Quettier-Deleu C, Gressier B, Vasseur J, Dine T, Brunet C, Luyckx M, Cazin M, Cazin JC, Bailleul F, Trotin F (2000) Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour. J Ethnopharmacol 72:35–42
Rashid S, Unyayar A, Mazmanci MA, McKeown SR, Banat IM, Worthington J (2011) A study of anti-cancer effects of F. trogii in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 49:1477–1483
Unyayar A, Demirbilek M, Turkoglu M, Celik A, Mazmanci MA, Erkurt EA, Unyayar S, Cekic O, Atacag H (2006) Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Coriolus versicolor and Funalia trogii Extracts on Mammalian Cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 1:1–15
Wang SY, Hsu ML, Yang XT (1999) Growth inhibition and apoptosis in human leukemia cells induced by cytokines released from PSP-activated blood mononuclear cells. In: Yang QY (ed) Advanced Research in PSP. The Hong Kong Association for Health Care Limited, Hong Kong, pp 128–130
Xu X, Yan H, Chen J, Zhang X (2011) Bioactive proteins from mushrooms. Biotechnol Adv 29:667–674
Yang MP, Chen ZN, Kwok JSL, Ge H (1992) The antitumor effect of a small polypeptide from Coriolus versicolor (SPCV). Am J Chin Med 20:221–232
Yang QY, Hu YJ, Li XY, Yang SX, Liu JX, Liu TF, Xu GM, Liao ML (1993) A new biological response modifier substance—PSP. In: Yang QY, Kwok CY (eds) Proceedings of PSP International Symposium. China, Fudan University Press, Shanghai, pp 247–259
Acknowledgments
Shazia Rashid thanks University of Ulster for providing financial support to the project under the Vice Chancellor’s Research Studentship (VCRS).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rashid, S., Unyayar, A., Mazmanci, M.A. et al. Potential of a Funalia trogii laccase enzyme as an anticancer agent. Ann Microbiol 65, 175–183 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0848-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0848-5