Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Bionectria ochroleuca NOTL33—an endophytic fungus from Nothapodytes foetida producing antimicrobial and free radical scavenging metabolites

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Annals of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are reported to produce diverse classes of secondary metabolites. This study investigated the antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activity of a foliar endophytic fungus from Nothapodytes foetida, a medium sized tree known to produce the antineoplastic compound camptothecin. The fungal isolate was identified as Bionectria ochroleuca based on the ITS rDNA analysis. The differences among endophytic, pathogenic and free living Bionectria ochroleuca were established by RNA secondary structure analysis. The metabolites showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial, antifungal and anti-dermatophytic activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration values of ethyl acetate extracts were in the range of 78–625 μg/mL against all test organisms, except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5 mg/mL). Antimicrobial components in the ethyl acetate extract were identified by GC-MS analysis. The isolate was also produced volatile antifungal compounds. A dose-dependent free radical quenching was observed in the ethyl acetate extract. This is the first report on Bionectria sp. as an endophyte of N. foetida. The results indicate that the B. ochroleuca NOTL33 isolate is a potential source of antimicrobial agents and could be used as an effective biofumigant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bauer AW, Kirby WMM, Scherris JC, Turck M (1966) Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol 45:493–496

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess DR, Bretag T, Keane PJ (1997) Biocontrol of seedborne Botrytis cinerea in chickpea with Gliocladium roseum. Plant Pathol 46:298–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon PF, Simmons CM (2002) Diversity and host preference of leaf endophytic fungi in the Iwokrama Forest Reserve, Guyana. Mycologia 94:210–220

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cavas L, Yurdakoc K (2005) An investigation on the antioxidant status of the invasive alga Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman, et Boudoresque (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 325:189–200. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2005.05.002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen J, Hu KX, Hou XQ, Guo SX (2011) Endophytic fungal assemblages from 10 Dendrobium medicinal plants (Orchidaceae). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27:1009–1016. doi:10.1007/s11274-010-0544-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chew YL, Lim YY, Omar M, Khoo KS (2008) Antioxidant activity of three edible seaweeds from two areas in South East Asia. LWT Food Sci Technol 41:1067–1072. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2007.06.013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ebrahim W, Kjer J, Amrani ME, Wray V, Ebel WLR, Lai D, Proksch P (2012) Pullularins E and F, two new peptides from the endophytic fungus Bionectria ochroleuca isolated from the mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris. Mar Drugs 10:1081–1091. doi:10.3390/md10051081

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis MB (1971) Demataceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis MB (1976) More demataceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Eloff JN (1998) A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of the plant extract for bacteria. Planta Med 64:711–713

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Felsenstein J (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilman JC (1971) A manual of soil fungi. Iowa State University Press, Iowa

    Google Scholar 

  • Govindachari TR, Viswanathan N (1972) Alkaloids of Mappia foetida. Phytochemistry 11:3529–3531. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89852-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo B, Wang Y, Sun X, Tang K (2008) Bioactive natural products from endophytes: a review. Appl Biochem Microbiol 44:136–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hallmann J, Quadt-Hallmann A, Mahaffee WF, Kloepper JW (1997) Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops. Can J Microbiol 43:895–914. doi:10.1139/m97-131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho R, Violette A, Cressend D, Raharivelomanana P, Carrupt PA, Hostettman K (2012) Antioxidant potential and radical-scavenging effects of flavonoids from the leaves of Psidium cattleianum grown in French Polynesia. Nat Prod Res 26:274–277. doi:10.1080/14786419.2011.585610

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang X, Madan A (1999) CAP3: a DNA sequence assembly program. Genome Res 9:868–877

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang WY, Cai YZ, Hyde KD, Corke H, Sun M (2007) Endophytic fungi from Nerium oleander L (Apocynaceae): main constituents and antioxidant activity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 23:1253–1263. doi:10.1007/s11274-007-9357-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isaacs CE (2001) The antimicrobial function of milk lipids. In: Woodward B, Draper HH (eds) Advances in nutritional research, vol 10. Plenum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kjer J (2012) New natural products from endophytic fungi from mangrove plants—structure elucidation and biological screening. Inaugural dissertation, Aus dem Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie der Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf. http://docserv.uni-duesseldorf.de/servlets/DerivateServlet/Derivate-17938/Dissertation_JuliaKjer.pdf. Accessed 10 June 2012

  • Kumar NR, Vishwanathan H, Suresh T, Mohan PS (2002) Antibacterial activity of Mappia foetida leaves and stem. Fitoterapia 73:734–736. doi:10.1016/S0367-326X(02)00215-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu YQ, Liu ZL, Tian X, Yang L (2010) Anti-HSV activity of camptothecin analogues. Nat Prod Res 24:509–514. doi:10.1080/14786410802270779

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lv YL, Zhang FS, Chen J, Cui JL, Xing YM, Li XD, Guo SX (2010) Diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with the Alpine plant Saussurea involucrate. Biol Pharm Bull 33:1300–1306. doi:10.1248/bpb.33.1300

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mendonça AL, Silva CE, Mesquita FL, Campos RS, Nascimento RR, Ximenes EC, Sant’Ana AE (2009) Antimicrobial activities of components of the glandular secretions of leaf cutting ants of the genus Atta. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 95:295–303. doi:10.1007/s10482-009-9312-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris JA, Khettry A, Seitz EW (1979) Antimicrobial activity of aroma chemicals and essential oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 56:595–603. doi:10.1007/BF02660245

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermieir CG, Da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853–858

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nei M, Kumar S (2000) Molecular evolution and phylogenetics. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Osman H, Rahim AA, Isa NM, Bakhir NM (2011) Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Paederia foetida and Syzygium aqueum. Molecules 14:970–978. doi:10.3390/molecules14030970

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Padhi S, Tayung K (2012) Antimicrobial activity and molecular characterization of an endophytic fungus, Quambalaria sp. isolated from Ipomoea carnea. Ann Microbiol. doi:10.1007/s13213-012-0534-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Pei A, Li H, Oberdorf WE, Alekseyenko AV, Parsons T, Li Y, Gerz EA, Lee P, Xiang C, Nossa CW, Pei Z (2012) Diversity of 5S rRNA genes within individual prokaryotic genomes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 335:11–18. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02632.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rossmoore HW (2001) Nitrogen compounds. In: Seymour SB (ed) Disinfection, sterilization and preservation. Lippinicot Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulz B, Boyle C (2005) The endophytic continuum. Mycol Res 109:661–686

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shan T, Lou J, Gao S, Zhou Y, Sun W, Luo C, Zhao L (2012a) Antibacterial activity of the endophytic fungi from a traditional Chinese herb Paris polyphylla var. chinensis. Afr J Microbiol Res 6:3440–3446. doi:10.5897/AJMR11.1411

    Google Scholar 

  • Shan T, Sun W, Lou J, Gao S, Mou Y, Zhou L (2012b) Antibacterial activity of the endophytic fungi from medicinal herb, Macleaya cordata. Afr J Biotechnol 11:4354–4359. doi:10.5897/AJB11.3367

    Google Scholar 

  • Srinivas KVNS, Das B (2003) 9-Methoxy-20-O-acetylcamptothecin, a minor new alkaloid from Nothapodytes foetida. Biochem Syst Ecol 31:85–87. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00077-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stinson M, Ezra D, Hess WM, Sears J, Strobel G (2003) An endophytic Gliocladium sp. of Eucryphia cordifolia producing selective volatile antimicrobial compounds. Plant Sci 165:913–922. doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(03)00299-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strobel G, Daisy D (2003) Bioprospecting for microbial endophytes and their natural products. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 67:491–502. doi:10.1128/MMBR.67.4.491-502.2003

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strobel G, Knighton B, Kluck K, Ren Y, Livinghouse T, Griffin M, Spakowicz D, Sears J (2008) The production of myco-diesel hydrocarbons and their derivatives by the endophytic fungus Gliocladium roseum (NRRL 50072). Microbiology 154:3319–3328. doi:10.1099/mic.0.2008/022186-0

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Syed NA, Midgley DJ, Ly PKC, Saleeba JA, McGee PA (2009) Do plant endophytic and free-living Chaetomium species differ? Australas Mycologist 28:51–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ting ASW, Mah SW, Tee CS (2011) Detection of potential volatile inhibitory compounds produced by endobacteria with biocontrol properties towards Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27:229–235. doi:10.1007/s11274-010-0447-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uniprot Taxonomy. http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/29856. Accessed 12 June 2012

  • Verma VC, Kharwar RN, Strobel GA (2009) Chemical and functional diversity of natural products from plant associated endophytic fungi. Nat Prod Commun 4:1511–1532

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • White TJ, Bruns TD, Lee S, Taylor JW (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JS, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic, New York, pp 315–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao J, Zhou L, Wang J, Shan T, Zhong L, Liu X, Gao X (2010) Endophytic fungi for producing bioactive compounds originally from their host plants. In: Vilas MA (ed) Current research, technology and education topics in applied microbiology and microbial biotechnology, vol 1. Formatex, Spain, pp 567–576

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuker M (2003) Mfold web browser for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction. Nucleic Acids Res 31:3406–3415

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. K. R. Prabhu, Senior Scientific Officer, Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore for help with GC–MS analysis. This research work was supported financially by the Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India

    Pradeepa Vasudeva Samaga & Vittal Ravishankar Rai

  2. Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India

    Kuriya Madav Lokanatha Rai

Authors
  1. Pradeepa Vasudeva Samaga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vittal Ravishankar Rai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kuriya Madav Lokanatha Rai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vittal Ravishankar Rai.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Samaga, P.V., Rai, V.R. & Rai, K.M.L. Bionectria ochroleuca NOTL33—an endophytic fungus from Nothapodytes foetida producing antimicrobial and free radical scavenging metabolites. Ann Microbiol 64, 275–285 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-013-0661-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-013-0661-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation