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Chemical investigation and screening of anti-cancer potential of Syzygium aromaticum L. bud (clove) essential oil nanoemulsion

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Abstract

This study was done to improve the medicinal properties of Syzygium Aromaticum L by processing S. Aromaticum L. bud essential oil (SABE) to the Nanoemulsion drug delivery system (SABE-NE) and investigating its anti-tumor and apoptotic impacts against the human HT-29 colon cancer cells. Applying the ultra-sonication method and characterization by DLS and FESEM analysis facilitates the nanoemulsification procedure. Human cancer (HT-29) and normal (HFF) cell lines were then evaluated based on the SABE-NE apoptotic and cytotoxic effects. In an in vitro section, flow cytometry method, Cas3 gene profile, AO/PI cell staining, and MTT assays are used to analyze the apoptotic and cytotoxic activities. In further analysis, liver lipid peroxidation and antioxidant genes expression (SOD, CAT, and GPx) investigate alterations in mice organs. As a result, produced 131.2 nm SABE-NE induces apoptosis response and cellular death (Cas3 up-regulation and enhanced SubG1 peaks). Subsequently, the HT-29 cells' viability can reduce significantly, while HFF cells indicate confined cytotoxic impacts. Moreover, in vivo test results on mice livers demonstrate the cytoprotective properties of SABE-NE (reduced lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant enzymes gene expression and nondetectable cytotoxic impacts). We produced a novel nanoemulsion drug delivery system called SABE-NE, a cell-specific apoptotic inducer. We thus can be utilized as an efficient anti-cancer compound for human colon cancer treatment. However, further supplementary studies are required to verify and approve its cell-specific anti-tumor activity.

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Data availability

The datasets applied during the current study are available on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Atena Vafaei Malek Abadi, Ehsan Karimi, Ghasem Rahimi Kalateh Shah Mohammad & Negin Shafaei

  2. Department of Research and Development, Arka Industrial Cluster, Mashhad, Iran

    Ehsan Oskoueian

Authors
  1. Atena Vafaei Malek Abadi
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  2. Ehsan Karimi
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  3. Ehsan Oskoueian
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  4. Ghasem Rahimi Kalateh Shah Mohammad
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  5. Negin Shafaei
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Correspondence to Ehsan Karimi.

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Abadi, A.V.M., Karimi, E., Oskoueian, E. et al. Chemical investigation and screening of anti-cancer potential of Syzygium aromaticum L. bud (clove) essential oil nanoemulsion. 3 Biotech 12, 49 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03117-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03117-2

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