Abstract
In the present investigation, hyperparasitic interaction between B. bassiana, TM (MH590235) and P. xylostella was studied through scanning electron microscopy and chromatographic techniques. Dose–mortality responses showed an increase in mortality of larva with an increase in spore concentration. The LC50 value for B. bassiana isolate TM (MH590235) was 2.4 × 107 spores mL−1. The ditrophic interaction between B. bassiana and P. xylostella after 24 h revealed the adherence of conidia on stemmata, sensory setae, maxillary palpi and legs. After 48 h post-infection (hpi), germination of the conidia and appressorium formation was observed. Formation of hyphae and initiation of fungal networking was observed at 72 hpi. Complete ramification by mycelia and conidiogenesis of B. bassiana was observed over the mycosed cadaver after 168 hpi. Subsequently, typical sympodial conidiophores of B. bassiana bearing secondary spores were also observed. The metabolome profile of healthy larvae of P. xylostella revealed the presence of non-volatile organic compounds (NVOCs) like docosene, nonadecene, palmitic acid and heneicosane. However, the NVOC profile was different in the P. xylostella larvae hyperparasitized by B. bassiana. The metabolites present in the infected cadaver were phthalate esters, hydroxyquebrachamine and lactones.
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Acknowledgements
The first author thanks the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for providing an INSPIRE fellowship (IF160933). The authors express their sincere thanks to the Department of Nanoscience and Technology of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University for technical assistance for SEM.
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NPR: Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing—Original draft preparation, Funding acquisition. SM: Conceptualization, Resources, Data curation, Writing—Review and Editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. SN: Conceptualization, Resources, Visualization, Investigation, Supervision. MS: Conceptualization, Visualization.
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Nithya, P.R., Manimegalai, S., Nakkeeran, S. et al. Comparative study of the ditrophic interaction between Beauveria bassiana and Plutella xylostella. 3 Biotech 11, 223 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02760-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02760-5