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Extension of life span and stress tolerance modulated by DAF-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans under the treatment of Moringa oleifera extract

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Abstract

The present study was focused to isolate the bioactive compounds present in the leaves of Moringa oleifera which contains a high nutritional value. Furthermore, the research was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-neurodegenerative properties of M. oleifera using the experimental model Caenorhabditis elegans. The separation of compounds from the crude extract and its identification was carried out through TLC, Column chromatography, UV absorption spectroscopy, and GC–MS. The compounds identified in most abundant fraction of column chromatography were [Phenol-2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- phosphite (3:1)] and Tetratetracontane. The result suggests that the leaves extracts and column fraction were able to significantly extend the life span of the N2 wild-type strain of C. elegans. The most potent life span extending effect was displayed by the dichloromethane extract of leaves which was 21.73 ± 0.142 days compared to the control (16.55 ± 0.02 days). It could also extend the health span through improved physiological functions such as pharyngeal pumping, body bending, and reversal frequency with increased age. The treated worms were also exhibited improved resistance to thermal stress, oxidative stress, and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation. Moreover, the leaves extract could elicit neuroprotection as it could delay the paralysis in the transgenic strain of C. elegans ‘CL4176’ integrated with Aβ. Interestingly, The RNAi experiment demonstrated that the extended life span under the treatment of extracts and the compound was daf-16 dependent. In transgenic C. elegans TJ356, the DAF-16 transcription factor was localized in the nucleus under the stress conditions, further supported the involvement of the daf-16 gene in longevity. Overall, the study suggests the potential of M. oleifera as a dietary supplement and alternative medicine to defend against oxidative stress and aging.

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Abbreviations

M. oleifera :

Moringa oleifera

C. elegans :

Caenorhabditis elegans

La:

Leaves aqueous extract

Lm:

Leaves methanol extract

Ld:

Leaves dichloromethane extract

Le:

Leaves ethyl acetate extract

Lh:

Leaves n-hexane extract

TLC:

Thin layer chromatography

M:

Methanol

H:

Hexane

EA:

Ethyl acetate

DCM:

Dichloromethane

GC–MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

RT:

Retention time

NGM:

Nematode growth medium agar plate

L1:

Larval stage 1

L4:

Larval stage 4

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

DCFH-DA:

2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

Aβ:

Amyloid-beta

Rf:

Retardation factor

h:

Hour/hours

PC:

Positive control

NC:

Negative control

PQ:

Paraquat

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Shri A. N. Patel PG Institute of Science and Research, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India

    Anita Prabhatsinh Chauhan, Mukesh Ghanshyam Chaubey & Niraj Kumar Singh

  2. Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, 388315, Gujarat, India

    Stuti Nareshkumar Patel & Datta Madamwar

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  1. Anita Prabhatsinh Chauhan
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  2. Mukesh Ghanshyam Chaubey
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  3. Stuti Nareshkumar Patel
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  4. Datta Madamwar
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  5. Niraj Kumar Singh
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Contributions

Conceptualization: APC, MGC, SNP, DM, NKS; Methodology: APC, MGC, SNP, DM, NKS; Formal analysis and investigation: APC, MGC, SNP, DM, NKS; Writing-original draft preparation: APC; Writing-review and editing: NKS; Resources: Shri. A. N. Patel P. G. Institute of Science and Research, Anand; Post Graduate Department of Bioscience, Sardar Patel University, Anand; Supervision: NKS.

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Correspondence to Niraj Kumar Singh.

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Anita Prabhatsinh Chauhan, Mukesh Ghanshyam Chaubey, Stuti Nareshkumar Patel, Datta Madamwar, and Niraj Kumar Singh declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Chauhan, A.P., Chaubey, M.G., Patel, S.N. et al. Extension of life span and stress tolerance modulated by DAF-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans under the treatment of Moringa oleifera extract. 3 Biotech 10, 504 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02485-x

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