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Nutritional improvement of copra meal using mannanase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Abstract

Copra meal is a by-product of coconut milk extraction, contained 4.60 ± 0.01 g/100 g DM and 62.19 ± 0.53% of protein and fiber, respectively. The optimal condition for quality improvement of copra meal was investigated using Box–Behnken design combined with response surface methodology (RSM). The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of Copra meal was performed by mannanase enzyme and yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The concentration of mannanase was determined as the most important factor to increase protein content in copra meal. The protein content was increased by 64% when 0.7% of enzyme per copra meal dry weight, the ratio of copra meal to water at 1:4.56 and fermentation time of 90.25 h at 30 °C were used. The program predicted an increase of 3.06 g of protein/100 g dry matter; however, the experimental result showed an increase of 3.35 g/100 g DM of protein in copra meal. The 10 kg of copra meal SSF in Koji reactor, the protein content increased to 4.18 g/100 g DM, while fiber content decreased 49%. Moreover, amino acids were increased by 64.05% and oligosaccharides, especially mannohexaose, were increased to 0.708 g/g DM. Results showed that fermentation of copra meal with mannanase and yeast offers a potential method to improve the nutrition of copra meal as animal feed.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Research and Researchers for Industries (RRI), the Thailand Research Fund under the Office of the Prime Minister, Royal Thai Government (code: MSD5810009) and Ampol Food Processing Limited, Nakhon Pathom Province, Thailand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Jarukit Kraikaew, Sumallika Morakul & Suttipun Keawsompong

  2. Special Research Unit, Fermentation Technology Research Center (FTRC), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Jarukit Kraikaew & Sumallika Morakul

Authors
  1. Jarukit Kraikaew
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  2. Sumallika Morakul
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  3. Suttipun Keawsompong
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Contributions

Conceptualization: [SM, SK]; Methodology: [JK, SM and SK]; Formal analysis and investigation: [JK]; Writing—original draft preparation: [JK, SM and SK]; Writing—review and editing: [SM and SK]; Funding acquisition: [SM and SK]; Resources: [SM and SK]; Supervision: [SM and SK].

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Correspondence to Sumallika Morakul.

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Kraikaew, J., Morakul, S. & Keawsompong, S. Nutritional improvement of copra meal using mannanase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 3 Biotech 10, 274 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02271-9

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