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Effects of corn supplementation on the antioxidant activity, selected minerals, and gene expression of selenoprotein and metallothionein in serum, liver, and kidney of sheep-fed palm kernel cake: urea-treated rice straw diets

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Abstract

This study aimed to determine influence of corn inclusion on glutathion peroxidase (GPx) activity, selected minerals concentration, and gene expression in sheep-fed palm kernel cake (PKC) and urea-treated rice straw. Twenty-seven of Dorper sheep were divided into three groups and fed a basal diet of (20% rice straw and 80% concentrate) with addition of ground corn at either 0% (T1), 5% (T2), or 10% (T3), respectively. After 120 days feeding trial, all animals were slaughtered and tissue samples of kidney, liver, and muscles were taken for enzyme and mineral analyses. The results showed that Cu concentration in the liver was lower treatment T3 compared to the control and T2. The serum activity of GPx was higher in T2 than in T3 at day 120 of experiment. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations decreased at day 80 in sheep on T3, whereas MDA of liver increased linearly with increasing corn supplementation. The qRT-PCR analyses revealed significant up-regulation of ATP7A and MIa genes in T3, while hepatic Cu/Zn SOD, GPx1, and GPx4 mRNA showed a higher expression in lamb hepatocytes in T3 compared to those on T1. Present study results suggest that feeding PKC as basal diet can increase antioxidant activity, but cause liver dysfunction in sheep. Inclusion corn was found to regulate transcriptional levels of the GPx family and metallothionein genes. These genes may play a role in the antioxidant protection response and reduce incidence of toxicity associated with Cu.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) for funding this work and the Higher Education Ministry of Iraq and Al Anbar University for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Osama Anwer Saeed, Leo Teik Kee, Awis Qurni Sazili, Henny Akit, Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi & Anjas Asmara Samsudin

  2. Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogjakarta, Indonesia

    Abdul Razak Alimon

  3. Department of Animal Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Al Anbar, Anbar, Iraq

    Osama Anwer Saeed

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  1. Osama Anwer Saeed
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  2. Leo Teik Kee
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Contributions

OAS analyzed and interpreted data regarding carried out laboratory analysis. MF was a major contributor in the part of gene expression and qPCR. OAS, TKL, AQS, HA, MFJ, ARA, and AAS participated in the whole design of the study and performed the statistical analysis and contributed to the preparation of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Anjas Asmara Samsudin.

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Saeed, O.A., Kee, L.T., Sazili, A.Q. et al. Effects of corn supplementation on the antioxidant activity, selected minerals, and gene expression of selenoprotein and metallothionein in serum, liver, and kidney of sheep-fed palm kernel cake: urea-treated rice straw diets. 3 Biotech 9, 146 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-019-1681-0

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