Abstract
Immobilization of photocatalyst particles on the surface of inert supporting materials is a technique that has the potential to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic processes. The five TiO2/activated carbon composites were synthesized from a titanium (III) sulfate onto the Norit SAE SUPER activated carbon. Three different ways were used for this: the sol–gel method through low-temperature hydrolysis, without calcination; the sol–gel method through low-temperature hydrolysis with fluorine doping in a molar Ti:F ratio which was 2:1, 7:1, and 15:1 but without further calcination; and homogeneous precipitation without hydrolysis and calcination. X-ray diffraction confirmed the exclusively amorphous phase formation during homogeneous precipitation without hydrolysis and calcination; a mixed structure of brookite, rutile, and amorphous TiO2 formation as a result of the low-temperature sol–gel method without calcination; and a pure anatase crystallization by the sol–gel method through low-temperature hydrolysis with fluorine doping without calcination. The adsorption removal degree of the orange-yellow S of an initial concentration of 225 mg∙L−1 by synthesized composites ranged from 40 to 90%, which is lower than that of the initial active carbon. The photocatalytic decomposition of this dye in the presence of synthesized composites was 32–65% at UV irradiation of 8 W, and 65–98% at UV irradiation of 24 W. The data obtained convincingly prove the high photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized composites, which shows their perspective for practical application.
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Ivanenko, I., Kukh, A., Fedenko, Y. et al. Adsorptive-photocatalytic removal of orange–yellow dye with titanium oxide–activated carbon composites. Appl Nanosci 13, 7135–7143 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-023-02867-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-023-02867-6