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Specified iron oxide nanoparticles by PSMA-11 as a promising nanomolecular imaging probe for early detection of prostate cancer

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Abstract

PSMA-11-HBED and PSMA-11-HYNIC are well-known prostate cancer (PCa) ligands, which strongly bind to prostate- specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on PCa epithelial cells. In this study, we announced the synthesis, physico-chemical properties and in vitro binding assay of targeted iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) by the PSMA-11 peptides as an MRI nanocontrast agent for early PCa discernment. IONPs were coated with carboxymethylated dextran (CMD-IONPs) and also with bovine serum albumin (BSA-IONPs), then conjugated with two different amounts of PSMA-11-HYNIC (T-CMD-IONPs) and PSMA-11-HBED (T-BSA-IONPs). In addition, the cellular viability, relaxometry measurements in aqueous and in vitro media, as well as quantitative cell uptake of the synthesized formulations were evaluated. At diagnostic concentrations, IONPs showed no cytotoxicity. A comparison of T-BSA-IONPs and T-CMD-IONPs with non-targeted IONPs at concentration \(750\,\mu M\) indicates that LNCaP PSMA + prostate cancer cells took up, respectively, 5.02 and 1.77 times as much IONPs. The results validated distinguished \({r_2(mM^{-1}s^{-1})}\) values at \(1.5\,T\) MRI scanner as 160 for CMD-IONPs and 68 for BSA-IONPs. Moreover, targeted-IONPs in-vitro had higher \({r_2}\) values than untargeted IONPs. The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) between targeted and non-targeted IONPs at concentration \(750\,\mu M\) were calculated as 4.65 and 3.95 for T-BSA-IONPs and T-CMD-IONPs, respectively. The study confirms that the novel T-BSA-IONPs and T-CMD-IONPs nanoprobes are suitable negative contrast agents for molecular imaging of PCa.

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Acknowledgements

The data presented in this research were part of a PhD thesis which was performed at Department of Medical Physics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. This work was supported by the Iran National Science Foundation: INSF [grant numbers 99023254]; the Student Research Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran [grant number 991161].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Farzaneh Ghorbani, Fereshteh Vaziri Nezamdoust & Alireza Montazerabadi

  2. Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Farzaneh Ghorbani

  3. Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Rasoul Irajirad

  4. Cancer Research Center,RAZAVI Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran

    Farshad Emami

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  1. Farzaneh Ghorbani
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  2. Rasoul Irajirad
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  4. Fereshteh Vaziri Nezamdoust
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  5. Alireza Montazerabadi
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Correspondence to Alireza Montazerabadi.

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This work was partially supported by [Iran National Science Foundation] (Grant number 99023254) and [the Student Research Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran] (Grant number 991161).

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Iran National Science Foundation: INSF (grant number 99023254);

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Ghorbani, F., Irajirad, R., Emami, F. et al. Specified iron oxide nanoparticles by PSMA-11 as a promising nanomolecular imaging probe for early detection of prostate cancer. Appl Nanosci 12, 2291–2304 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-022-02507-5

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