Abstract
Nanoparticles are emerging as a substitute to antibiotics to mitigate antimicrobial resistance. To check the in-vivo antibacterial activity of CuO-nanoparticles against E. coli-induced infection, 90 day-old birds were kept under similar condition for first 18 days during brooding phase. Then were randomly divided into six groups (control negative, control positive, colistin, CuO-NPs 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg) with 15 birds in each group. All the birds except the negative control group were given infection with 0.2 ml E. coli inoculum having a suspension concentration of 107 CFU/ml through Intramuscular route. After the appearance of clinical signs, respective treatments were given for 6 days. Five birds were slaughtered after 7 days post-infection and other five birds were slaughtered at 11th day post infection. The live and carcass weight of the bird were recorded on each sampling. The blood samples were collected and serum was separated to perform the immune parameters at the time of slaughtering. Histopathological samples (spleen, bursa and thymus) were also taken and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The results indicated that the relative weight of spleen was significantly improved in the CuO-NPs treated groups as compared to control group. The antibody response against ND and sheep RBC’s showed non-significant difference from control positive group. The nanoparticles treated groups showed significantly (P < 0.05) improved phagocytic and lymphoproliferative responses. The gross and histopathological studies revealed significant (P < 0.05) improvement in treatment groups than control positive group with a non-significant difference from control negative group. The group treated with CuO-NPs 40 mg/kg showed almost similar results as that of antibiotic treated group. It was concluded that CuO-NPs had antibacterial affect and can be used as an antibiotic substitute against colibacillosis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abalaka SE, Sani NA, Idoko IS, Tenuche OZ, Oyelowo FO, Ejeh SA, Enem SI (2018) Pathological changes associated with an outbreak of colibacillosis in a commercial broiler flock. Skoto J Vet Sci 15:95–102. https://doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v15i3.14
Abedini M, Shariatmadari F, Torshizi MAK, Ahmadi H (2018) Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the egg quality, immune response, zinc retention, and blood parameters of laying hens in the late phase of production. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 102:736–745. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12871
Azam A, Ahmed AS, Oves M, Khan M, Memic A (2012) Size-dependent antimicrobial properties of CuO nanoparticles against Gram-positive and-negative bacterial strains. Int J Nanomed 7:3527. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S29020
Balijepalli MK, Suppaiah V, Chin AM, Buru AS, Sagineedu SR, Pichika MR (2015) Acute oral toxicity studies of Swietenia macrophylla seeds in Sprague Dawley rats. Pharmacol Res 7:38. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.147197
Bami MK, Afsharmanesh M, Salarmoini M, Tavakoli H (2018) Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and Bacillus coagulans as probiotic on growth, histomorphology of intestine, and immune parameters in broiler chickens. Comp Clin Pathol 27:399–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-017-2605-1
Bancroft JD, Stevens A, Tumer D (1996) Theory and practice of histological techniques, 3rd edn. Edinburgh, Churchil Livinsgstone, pp 360–361
Boro SK, Pathak DC, Saikia GK, Buragohain M (2018) Prevalence of Colibacillosis in birds in and around Guwahati city (Assam). J Entomol Zool Stud 6:1000–1003
Bunglavan SJ, Garg AK, Dass RS (2014) Shrivastava S (2014) Effect of supplementation of different levels of selenium as nanoparticles/sodium selenite on blood biochemical profile and humoral immunity in male Wistar rats. Vet World 7:1075–1081
Corrier DE (1990) Comparison of phytohemagglutinin induced cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in the interdigital skin of broiler and layer chicks. Avian Dis 34:369–373. https://doi.org/10.2307/1591421
Cuevas R, Durán N, Diez MC, Tortella GR, Rubilar O (2015) Extracellular biosynthesis of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles by Stereum hirsutum, a native white-rot fungus from Chilean forests. J Nanomater 2015:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/789089
Delhanty JJ, Solomon JB (1966) The nature of antibodies to goat erythrocytes in the developing chicken. Immunology 11:103–113
Hafez A, Nassef E, Fahmy M, Elsabagh M, Bakr A, Hegazi E (2019) Impact of dietary nano-zinc oxide on immune response and antioxidant defense of broiler chickens. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:19108–19114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04344-6
Hashem MA, Neamat-Allah ANF, Hammza HEE, Abou-Elnaga HM (2020) Impact of dietary supplementation with Echinacea purpurea on growth performance, immunological, biochemical, and pathological findings in broiler chickens infected by pathogenic E. coli. Trop Anim Health pro 52:1599–1607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02162-z
Jacob ME, Keelara S, Aidara-Kane A, Alvarez JRM, Fedorka-Cray PJ (2020) Optimizing a screening protocol for potential extended spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli on MacConkey agar for use in a global surveillance program. J Clin Microbiol 58:e01039-e1119. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01039-19
Janben T, Schwarz C, Preikschat P, Voss M, Phillip H, Wieler LH (2001) Virulence-associated genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from internal organs of poultry having died from colibacillosis. Int J Med Microbiol 291:371–378. https://doi.org/10.1078/1438-4221-00143
Jeong YW, Kim TE, Kim JH, Kwon HJ (2012) Pathotyping avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains in Korea. J Vet Sci 13:145–152. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2012.13.2.145
Jiang J, Oberdorster G, Biswas P (2009) Characterization of size, surface charge, and agglomeration state of nanoparticle dispersions for toxicological studies. J Nanopart Res 11:77–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9446-4
Kabir SML (2010) Avian colibacillosis and salmonellosis: a closer look at epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, control and public health concerns. Int J Environ Res Public Health 7:89–114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7010089
Kumar A, Jindal N, Shukla CL, Asrani RK, Ledoux DR, Rottinghaus GE (2010) Pathological changes in broiler chickens fed ochratoxin A and inoculated with Escherichia coli. Avian Pathol 33:413–417. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079450410001724021
Leeson S (2019) Copper metabolism and dietary needs. World Poultry Sci J 65:353–366. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933909000269
Maruthupandy M, Muneeswaranb T, Rajivgandhi G, Quero F, Anand M, Song JM (2019) Biologically synthesized copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles for important biomolecules detection and antimicrobial applications. Mat Today Commun 22:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.100766
Nakamurya K, Mada I, Maed M (1986) Lymphocytic depletion of bursa of fabricius and thymus in chickens inoculated with Escherichia coli. Vet Pathol 23:712–717. https://doi.org/10.1177/030098588602300610
Ognik K, Stępniowska A, Cholewińska E, Kozłowski K (2016) The effect of administration of copper nanoparticles to chickens in drinking water on estimated intestinal absorption of iron, zinc, and calcium. Poult Sci 95:2045–2051. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew200
Ognik K, Sembratowicz I, Cholewinska E, Jankowski J, Kozłowski K, Juskiewicz J, Zduńczyk Z (2018) The effect of administration of copper nanoparticles to chickens in their drinking water on the immune and antioxidant status of the blood. Anim Sci J 89:579–588. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12956
Osman K, Elhariri M (2014) Mass gatherings pose a threat to the spread of antimicrobial resistant E. coli strains. Int J Adv Res 2:592–601
Pakistan-Economic-Survey (2018-19) (2019) Pakistan Economic Survey. Government of Pakistan, pp 11–33
Phiwdang K, Suphankij S, Mekprasart W, Pecharapa W (2013) Synthesis of CuO nanoparticles by precipitation method using different precursors. Energy Proc 34:740–745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.808
Poole T, Sheffield C (2013) Use and misuse of antimicrobial drugs in poultry and livestock: mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Pak Vet J 33:266–271
Rena G, Hub D, Cheng EWC, Vargas-Reus MA, Reipd P, Allaker RP (2009) Characterisation of copper oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications. Int J Antimicrob Agents 33:587–590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.12.004
Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA (2011) Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromob Vasc Biol 31:986–1000. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.207449
Roth N, Kasbohrer A, Mayrhofer S, Zitz U, Hofacre C, Domig KJ (2019) The application of antibiotics in broiler production and the resulting antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli: a global overview. Poult Sci 98:1791–1804. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey539
Sarker N, Tsudzuki M, Nishibori M, Yasue H, Yamamoto Y (2000) Cell-mediated and humoral immunity and phagocytic ability in chicken lines divergently selected for serum immunoglobulin M and G levels. Poult Sci 79:1705–1709. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.12.1705
SAS, I.I. (2018) SAS/STAT® 15.1 User’s Guide. STAT Institute. Inc, Cary
Scott A, Vadalasetty KP, Lukasiewicz M, Jaworski S, Wierzbicki M, Chwalibog A, Sawosz E (2017) Effect of different levels of copper nanoparticles and copper sulphate on performance, metabolism and blood biochemical profiles in broiler chicken. J Animal Physiol Animal Nutr 102:364–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12754
Sharma D, Rajput J, Kaith BS, Kaur M, Sharma S (2010) Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and study of their antibacterial and antifungal properties. Thin Solid Films 519:1224–1229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.073
Swayne DE (1988) A labarotory manual for the isolation and identification of avian pathogens by American Association of Avian Pathologists Inc, Kennet Square
Tadesse DA, Zhao S, Tong E, Ayers S, Singh A, Bartholomew MJ, McDermott PF (2012) Antimicrobial drug resistance in Escherichia coli from humans and food animals, United States, 1950–2002. Emerg Infect Dis 18:741–749. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1805.111153
Thakur AN, Kumar K, Sharma KK (2020) Application of Co-doped copper oxide nanoparticles against different multidrug resistance bacteria. Inorg Nano-Met Chem 50:933–943. https://doi.org/10.1080/24701556.2020.1728554
Xie Y, He Y, Irwin PL, Jin T, Shi X (2011) Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of zinc oxide nanoparticles against Campylobacter jejuni. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:2325–2331. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02149-10
Zahid A, Al-Mossawei M, Mahmood AB (2016) In vitro and in vivo pathogenicity tests of local isolates APEC from naturally infected broiler in Baghdad. Int J Adv Res Biol Sci 3:89–100. http://s-o-i.org/1.15/ijarbs-2016-3-3-12
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
The MTJ and MHA planned and conducted the research trial. NT and SZ prepared and synthesized the nanoparticles. The MHT, AT and MHA drafted the detail of manuscript, helped in data editing and entering, data analysis and construction of tables. The SUKB and MET reviewed the manuscript and added references according to journal style. All authors approved and read the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
There was no conflict of interest.
Ethics approval
The study was conducted according to the Responsible Conduct in Research (RCR) Training Policy (Policy#10.07.001) of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The RCR policy is followed by the instructions of National Institute of Health (NIH Publications No. 8023, revised 1978) regarding animal welfare and housing in research.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ahmed, M.H., Javed, M.T., Bahadur, S.U.K. et al. Antibacterial effects of copper oxide nanoparticles against E. coli induced infection in broilers. Appl Nanosci 12, 2031–2044 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-022-02482-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-022-02482-x