Abstract
In this study, a strong photocharging effect has been detected by a spectroscopic study of colloidal CsPbBr3 quantum dot film. Photocharging induces the formation of charged excitons, even with the application of a very low excitation laser power. Thus, it can introduce a drastic problem on the optical properties of quantum dots when the charges are involved. The charge exciton then can absorb another photon from the next laser pulse, leading to a trion state. The presence of the trion state was proven by studying its behavior against three effects, namely laser power, electric field (EF) and temperature (T) dependence. The trion area of the peak increases linearly with the increasing of the laser power, which we consider to be an indication of the influence of a strong photocharging effect, suggesting that long-lived charges can be kept trapped in quantum dots (QDs). It was also found the trion is affected by an external electric field, due to the weak Stark effect. It is more sensitive than the excitonic state to the electric field due to the presence of electron–electron repulsion forces. A red-shift behavior was observed when heating the sample above 180 K, which is a strong evidence of the presence of a trapping state.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akkerman QA, D’Innocenzo V, Accornero S, Scarpellini A, Petrozza A, Prato M, Manna L (2015) Tuning the optical properties of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals by anion exchange reactions. J Am Chem Soc 137:10276–10281. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b05602
Bozyigit D, Wood V (2013) Challenges and solutions for high-efficiency quantum dot-based LEDs. Mrs Bull 38:731–736. https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2013.180
Diroll BT, Zhou H, Schaller RD (2018) Low-temperature absorption, photoluminescence, and lifetime of CsPbX3 (X= Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals. Adv Funct Mater 28:1800945
Empedocles SA, Bawendi MG (1997) Quantum-confined stark effect in single CdSe nanocrystallite quantum dots. Science 278:2114–2117. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5346.2114
Galland C, Ghosh Y, Steinbrück A, Hollingsworth JA, Htoon H, Klimov VI (2012) Lifetime blinking in nonblinking nanocrystal quantum dots. Nat Commun 3:908
Holtz O, Zhao QX (2004) Impurities confined in quantum structures. Springer Science & Business Media, Germany (Vol 77)
Hu F et al (2015) Superior optical properties of perovskite nanocrystals as single photon emitters. ACS Nano 9:12410–12416. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b05769
Kojima A, Teshima K, Shirai Y, Miyasaka T (2009) Organometal halide perovskites as visible-light sensitizers for photovoltaic cells. J Am Chem Soc 131:6050–6051. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja809598r
McGuire JA, Sykora M, Robel I, Padilha LA, Joo J, Pietryga JM, Klimov VI (2010) Spectroscopic signatures of photocharging due to hot-carrier transfer in solutions of semiconductor nanocrystals under low-intensity ultraviolet excitation. ACS Nano 4:6087–6097. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn1016296
Midgett AG, Hillhouse HW, Hughes BK, Nozik AJ, Beard MC (2010) Flowing versus static conditions for measuring multiple exciton generation in PbSe quantum dots. J Phys Chem C 114:17486–17500. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1057786
Mohanta A, Thareja RK (2010) Temperature-dependent S-shaped photoluminescence in ZnCdO alloy. J Appl Phys 107:084904
Padilha LA, Robel I, Lee DC, Nagpal P, Pietryga JM, Klimov VI (2011) Spectral dependence of nanocrystal photoionization probability: the role of hot-carrier transfer. ACS Nano 5:5045–5055. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn201135k
Piveteau L et al (2020) Bulk and nanocrystalline cesium lead-halide perovskites as seen by halide magnetic resonance. ACS Cent Sci 6:1138–1149
Protesescu L et al (2015) Nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX3, X= Cl, Br, and I): novel optoelectronic materials showing bright emission with wide color gamut. Nano Lett 15:3692–3696
Rainò G, Nedelcu G, Protesescu L, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Mahrt RF, Stöferle T (2016) Single cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals at low temperature: fast single-photon emission reduced blinking, and exciton fine structure. ACS Nano 10:2485–2490. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b07328
Riva C, Peeters F, Varga K (2000) Excitons and charged excitons in semiconductor quantum wells. Phys Rev B 61:13873. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.61.13873
Schröter P (2004) Magneto photoluminescence and ultrafast spectroscopy on high-mobility two-dimensional electron systems. Cuvillier Verlag, Germany
Seufert J et al (2001) Stark effect and polarizability in a single CdSe/ZnSe quantum dot. Appl Phys Lett 79:1033–1035. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1389504
Song J, Li J, Li X, Xu L, Dong Y, Zeng H (2015a) Quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on inorganic perovskite cesium lead halides (CsPbX3). Adv Mater 27:7162–7167. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201502567
Talapin DV, Steckel J (2013) Quantum dot light-emitting devices. Mrs Bull 38:685–691. https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2013.204
Wei K, Xu Z, Chen R, Zheng X, Cheng X, Jiang T (2016) Temperature-dependent excitonic photoluminescence excited by two-photon absorption in perovskite CsPbBr 3 quantum dots. Opt lett 41:3821–3824
Xu X, Li X (2015) Enhanced emission of charged-exciton polaritons from colloidal quantum dots on a SiN/SiO2 slab waveguide. Sci Rep 5:9760. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09760
Yakunin S et al (2015) Low-threshold amplified spontaneous emission and lasing from colloidal nanocrystals of caesium lead halide perovskites. Nat Commun 6:1
Yi J et al (2020) The correlation between phase transition and photoluminescence properties of CsPbX 3 (X= Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals. Nanoscale Adv. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NA00545B
Yoshikawa N et al (2013) Biexciton state causes photoluminescence fluctuations in CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots at high photoexcitation densities. Phys Rev B 88:155440. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.155440
Zhang D, Eaton SW, Yu Y, Dou L, Yang P (2015) Solution-phase synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires. J Am Chem Soc 137:9230–9233. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b05404
Acknowledgements
We want to acknowledge King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) for financial support (project number 20-0239). The author also would like to thank Professor Paul Alivisatos and Dr. Jianbo Gao for useful discussion.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares no competing financial interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Al Abass, N. Strong photocharging effect in CsPbBr3 nanocrystal films. Appl Nanosci 11, 267–272 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01565-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01565-x