Abstract
In this manuscript, a highly sensitive Bloch surface wave (BSW)-based sensor is proposed for refractive index sensing analysis. The structure is designed using an one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PhC) structure. A top defective layer of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) material with atomic layer thickness is introduced to confine a Bloch mode analogues to surface plasmon-like mode at the top interface. The detailed analysis is carried out to investigate the impact of number of TMDC monolayers on sensing performance. The wavelength (angular) interrogation provides the significant higher sensitivity of around 9650 nm/RIU (or 231°/RIU). Besides the sensitivity, the rigorous analysis of full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) and figure-of-merit (FOM) is also carried out and a FOM of around 48,250/RIU (38,500/RIU) has been reported. The proposed design possesses the advantage in terms of easy fabrication and integration capability to develop handheld senor systems, especially for biological and chemical sensing.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agarwal V, Chatterjee K (2018) Recent advances in the field of transition metal dichalcogenides for biomedical applications. Nanoscale 10(35):16365–16397
Bijalwan A et al (2020) Surface plasmon resonance-based sensors using nano-ribbons of graphene and WSe2. Plasmonics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-020-01122-w
Daichi K et al (2020) Highly ordered two-dimensional mos2 archimedean scroll bragg reflectors as chromatically adaptive fibers. Nano Lett 20(5):3067–3078. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05004
Dubey RS et al (2017) Fabrication and characterization of TiO2/SiO2 based Bragg reflectors for light trapping applications. Results Phys 7:2271–2276
Dutta HS et al (2014) Sensitivity enhancement in photonic crystal waveguide platform for refractive index sensing applications. J Nanophoton 8(1):083088. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JNP.8.083088
Dutta HS et al (2017) Analysis of dispersion diagram for high performance refractive index sensor based on photonic crystal waveguides. Photon Nanostruct Fundam Appl 23:21–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2016.11.004
Fenzl C et al (2014) Photonic crystals for chemical sensing and biosensing. Angew Chem Int Ed 53(13):3318–3335
Gan S et al (2019) Ultra-sensitive refractive index sensors based on bloch surface waves with transition metal dichalcogenides. IEEE Sens J 19(19):8675–8680
Gibney E (2015) The super materials that could trump graphene. Nature News 522(7556):274
Goyal AK, Pal S (2015a) Design and simulation of high sensitive gas sensor using a ring-shaped photonic crystal waveguide. Phys Scr 90:025503. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/90/2/025503
Goyal AK, Pal S (2015b) Design and simulation of high sensitive photonic crystal waveguide sensor. Optik 126(2):240–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2014.08.174
Goyal AK, Pal S (2020) Design analysis of Bloch surface wave based sensor for haemoglobin concentration measurement. Appl Nanosci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01437-4
Goyal AK, Dutta HS, Pal S (2016a) Performance optimization of photonic crystal resonator. Opt Quantum Electron 48:431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0701-0
Goyal AK, Dutta HS, Pal S (2016b) Design and analysis of photonic crystal micro-cavity based optical sensor platform. AIP Conf Proc 1724:020005. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4945125
Goyal AK et al (2016c) Realization of large-scale photonic crystal cavity-based devices. J Micro/Nanolith MEMS MOEMS 15(3):031608. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMM.15.3.031608
Goyal AK et al (2018) Porous photonic crystal structure for sensing applications. J Nanophoton 12(4):040501. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JNP.12.040501
Hameed MFO, Obayya SS (2018) Computational photonic sensors. Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76556-3(ISBN: 978-3-319-76556-3)
Hao J et al (2020) Research on low-temperature blood tissues detection biosensor based on one-dimensional superconducting photonic crystal. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 89:105229
Jia Y et al (2020) Sensitivity enhancement of a surface plasmon resonance sensor with platinum diselenide. Sensors 20(131):1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010131
Kang S et al (2020) Two-dimensional semiconducting materials for electronic and optoelectronic applications: Potential and challenge. 2D Mater 7:02203
Khan MU, Corbett B (2016) Bloch surface wave structures for high sensitivity detection and compact wave guiding. Sci Technol Adv Mater 17(1):389–409
Khurgin JB, Boltasseva A (2012) Reflecting upon the losses in plasmonics and metamaterials. MRS Bull 37(8):768–779
Li Y et al (2013) Phase properties of Bloch surface waves and their sensing applications. Appl Phys Lett 103:041116. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4816810
Lin Z et al (2016) Tuning and sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon resonance biosensor with graphene covered Au-MoS2-Au films. IEEE Photonics J 8:4803308
Meade RD et al (1991) Electromagnetic Bloch waves at the surface of a photonic crystal. Phys Rev B 44(19):10961
Meng Q et al (2017) Figure of merit enhancement of a surface plasmon resonance sensor using a low-refractive-index porous silica film. Sensors 17:1846
Nguyen H et al (2015) Surface plasmon resonance: a versatile technique for biosensor applications. Sensors 15(5):10481–10510
Pockrand I (1978) Surface plasma oscillations at silver surfaces with thin transparent and absorbing coatings. Surf Sci 72:577–588
Ratra et al (2019) Design and analysis of broadband reflector for passive radiative cooling. In: International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICSC): 300–303. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSC45622.2019.8938212
Ratra et al (2020) Design and analysis of omni-directional solar spectrum reflector using one-dimensional photonic crystal. J Nanophoton 14(2):026005. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JNP.14.026005
Robertson WM (1999) Experimental measurement of the effect of termination on surface electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional photonic bandgap arrays. J Lightwave Technol 17:2013
Robertson WM et al (1993) Observation of surface photons on periodic dielectric arrays. Opt Lett 18:528–530
Schasfoort RB, Tudos AJ (2008) Handbook of Surface Plasmon Resonance. Royal Society of Chemistry, London
Scognamiglio V et al (2014) Biosensing technology for sustainable food safety. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 62:1–10
Singh P (2016) SPR biosensors: historical perspectives and current challenges. Sens Actuators B Chem 229:110–130
Sinibaldi A et al (2012) Direct comparison of the performance of Bloch surface wave and surface plasmon polariton sensors. Sens Actuators B Chem 174:292–298
Wang Q et al (2012) Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Nat Nanotech 7:699–712
Wu L et al (2017) Sensitivity improved SPR biosensor based on the mos2/graphene–aluminium hybrid structure. J Lightwave Technol 35:82–87
Yeh P et al (1977) Electromagnetic propagation in periodic stratified media general theory. J Opt Soc Amer 67(4):423–438
Zhang C et al (2020) Highly sensitive THz gas-sensor based on the guided bloch surface wave resonance in polymeric photonic crystals. Materials 13(5):1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13051217
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to all members of ECE department at JIIT for their help and cooperation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
No conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Goyal, A.K., Saini, J. Performance analysis of Bloch surface wave-based sensor using transition metal dichalcogenides. Appl Nanosci 10, 4307–4313 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01538-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01538-0