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Enhanced industrial dye degradation using Co doped in chemically exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets

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Abstract

Cobalt concentrations of 7.5 and 10 wt% were incorporated in chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets using hydrothermal route. Various characterization techniques were employed to evaluate the Co-doped MoS2 for structural, physiochemical, optical, and morphological properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique confirmed the increase in crystallinity and crystallite size with doping ratios. The presence of functional groups and vibrational characteristic peak of Mo–O was determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) micrographs showed surface morphology and interlayer spacing. Absorption spectra and bandgap energy decreased with conjugation of Co ascribed to quantum confinement and edge effects as investigated using UV–visible spectroscopy. Thermal properties of prepared samples depicted weight and thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA). Photoluminescence (PL) spectra confirmed the presence of doped species and revealed the growth of MoS2 monolayer. Dye degradation of doped and undoped MoS2 was tested in the presence of catalyst sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and it was observed that the methylene blue (MB) removal process increased with doping concentration. These nanocatalysts may prove useful in the removal of industrial contaminants, especially leather, and tanneries pollutants.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to higher education commission (HEC), Pakistan for financial support through start research group (SRGP) project number 21-1669.

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  1. Ali Raza and Muhammad Ikram are equal contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, 14 Ali Road, Lahore, Pakistan

    Ali Raza & Salamat Ali

  2. Solar Cell Applications Research Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan

    Ali Raza, Muhammad Ikram & Muhammad Aqeel

  3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysts, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    Muhammad Imran

  4. Center for Engineering Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia

    Anwar Ul-Hamid

  5. Department of Physics, University of Gujrat, HH Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan

    Khalid Nadeem Riaz

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  1. Ali Raza
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Correspondence to Muhammad Ikram.

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Raza, A., Ikram, M., Aqeel, M. et al. Enhanced industrial dye degradation using Co doped in chemically exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets. Appl Nanosci 10, 1535–1544 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-019-01239-3

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