Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Impact of elevated CO2 in Casuarina equisetifolia rooted stem cuttings inoculated with Frankia

  • Published:
Symbiosis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Impact of different levels of elevated CO 2 on the activity of Frankia (Nitrogen-fixing actinomycete) in Casuarina equisetifolia rooted stem cuttings has been studied to understand the relationship between C. equisetifolia, Frankia and CO2. The stem cuttings of C. equietifolia were collected and treated with 2000 ppm of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) for rooting. Thus vegetative propagated rooted stem cuttings of C. equisetifolia were inoculated with Frankia and placed in the Open top chambers (OTC) with elevated CO2 facilities. These planting stocks were maintained in the OTC for 12 months under different levels of elevated CO2 (ambient control, 600 ppm, 900 ppm). After 12 months, the nodule numbers, bio mass, growth, and photosynthesis of C. equisetifolia rooted stem cuttings inoculated with Frankia were improved under 600 ppm of CO2. The rooted stem cuttings of C. equisetifolia inoculated with Frankia showed a higher number of nodules under 900 ppm of CO2 and cuttings without Frankia inoculation exhibited poor growth. Tissue Nitrogen (N) content was also higher under 900 ppm of CO2 than ambient control and 600 ppm levels. The photosynthetic rate was higher (17.8 μ mol CO2 m−2 s−1) in 900 ppm of CO2 than in 600 ppm (13.2 μ mol CO2 m−2 s−1) and ambient control (8.3 μ mol CO2 m−2 s−1). This study showed that Frankia can improve growth, N fixation and photosynthesis of C. equietifolia rooted stem cuttings under extreme elevated CO2 level conditions (900 ppm).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AbdElgawad H, Vignola EAR, de Vos D, Asard H (2015) Elevated CO2 mitigates drought and temperature, induce oxidative stress differently in grasses and legumes. Pl Sci 23:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnone J, Gordon JC (1990) Effect of nodulation, nitrogen fixation and CO2 enrichment on the physiology, growth and drymass allocation of seedlings of Alnus rubra bong. New Phytol 116:55–66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ceulemans R, Janssens IA, Jach ME (1999) Effects of CO2 enrichment on trees and forests, lesions to be learned in view of future eco system studies. Ann Bot 84:577–590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diagne N, Karthikeyan A, Ngom M, Mathish NV, Franche C, Krishnakumar N, Laplaze, L (2013) Use of Frankia and actinorhizal plants for degraded lands reclamation. Bio Med Res Int 948258 9 p

  • Garcia NS, Fu FX, Breene CL, Berhandt PW, Mulholland MR, Sohm JA, Hutchins DA (2011) Interactive effects of irradiance and CO2 on CO2 fixation and N2 fixation in the Diazotroph Trichodesmium erythraeum (cyanobacteria). J Physiol 47:1292–1303

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartwig UA, Nosberger J (1994) What triggers the regulation of nitrogenase activity in forage legume nodules after defoliation? Plant Soil 161:109–114

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodge A (1996) Impact of elevated CO2 on mycorrhizal association and implications for plant growth. Biol Fertil Soils 23:388–398

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson ML (1973) Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall, New Delhi India, pp. 183–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkinson DS, Adams DE, Wild A (1991) Model estimate of CO2 emissions from soil in response to global warming. Nature 351:304–306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karthikeyan A, Deeparaj B, Nepolean P (2009) Reforestation in bauxite mine spoils with Casuarina equisetifolia Frost. and beneficial microbes. For Trees Live 19:153–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nasser RR, Fuller MP, Jellings AJ (2007) Effect of elevated and nitrogen levels in lentil growth and nodulation. Agron Sustain Dev 28:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Nigom M, Oshone R, Diagne N, Cissoka M, Svistoonoff S, Tisa LS, Laplaze L, Quereysy M, Champion A (2016) Tolerance to environmental stress by the nitrogen fixing actinobacterium Frankia and its role in actinorhizal plants adaptation. Symbiosis. doi:10.1007/s13199-016-0396-9

    Google Scholar 

  • NOAA (2016). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration report. U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S (www.noaa.gov).

  • Norby RJ (1987) Nodulation and nitrogenase activity in nitrogen fixing woody plants stimulated by CO2 enrichment of the atmosphere. Physiol Plant 71:77–82

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Neill EG, Luxmore RJ, Norby RJ (1987) Increases in mycorrhizal colonization and seedling growth in Pinus echinata and Quercus alba in an enriched CO2 atmosphere. Can J For Res 17:878–883

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quoreshi AM, Maruyama Y, Koike T (2003) The role of mycorrhiza in forest eco systems under CO2 semiarid atmosphere. Eurasian J For Res 6:171–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryle GJA, Powell CE, Davidson JA (1992) Growth of white clover, dependent on N2 fixation, in elevated CO2 and temperature. Ann Bot 70:221–228

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santi C, Bogsuz D, Franchie C (2013) Biological nitrogen fixation in non legume plants. Ann Bot. doi:10.1093/aob/mct048

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shipton WA, Burgraff AJP (1983) Aspects of the cultural behaviour of Frankia and possible ecological implication. Can J Bot 61:2783–2792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song HN, Tang SR, Wanf FL, Zhang C, De Geo JK, Ju XH, Smith DC (2013) Fungal inoculation and elevation of CO2 mediated growth of Lilum moniliforme and Phytolacca americana metal uptake and metal bio availability in metal contaminated soil evidence from diffusing gradient in thin film measurement. Int Phytorem 15:268–282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song N, Ma Y, Zhao Y, Tang S (2014) Elevated ambient carbon dioxide and Trichoderma inoculums could enhance cadmium uptake of Lolium perenne explained by changes of soil pH, cadmium availability and microbial bio mass. Appl Soil Ecol 85:56–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staddon PL, Fitter AH, Robinson D (1999) Effects of mycorrhizal colonization and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide on carbon fixation and below ground carbon partitioning in Plantago lanceolata. J Exp Bot 50:853–860

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang SR, Liao SQ, Guo JK, Song ZS, Wang RG, Zhou XM (2012) Growth and cesium uptake responses Phytolacca americana Linn and Aaranthhus curentis L grown on cesium contaminated soil to elevated CO2 on inoculation with a plant growth promoting Rhizobacterium Burkholdeia sp. D54 or in combination. J Hasand meter 198:188–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Temperton VM, Grayston SJ, Jackson G, Barton CVM, Millard P, Jarvis PG (2003) Effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on growth and nitrogen fixation in Alnus glutinosa in a long term field experiment. Tree Physiol 23:1051–1059

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas RB, Richter DD, Ye H, Heine PR, Strain BR (1991) Nitrogen dynamics and growth of seedlings of an N fixing tree (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp) exposed elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. Oecologia 88:415–421

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tissue DT, Megonigal JP, Thomas RB (1997) Nitrogenase activity and N2 fixation are stimulated by elevated CO2 in a tropical N2 fixing tree. Oecologia 109:28–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tobita H, Kituo M, Koika T, Maryuma Y (2005) Effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen availability on nodulation of Alnus hirsuta. Phyton 45:125–131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • UKCIP (2011) Making progress. UKCIP and adaptation in the UK. UK climate impacts programme, Oxford UK, pp. 23–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Uma M, Saravanan TS, Rajendran K (2014) Growth, litterfall and litter decomposition of Casuarina equisetifolia in a semi arid zone. J Trop For Sci 26:125–133

    Google Scholar 

  • UNESCO/UNEP (2011) Climate change starter’s guide book: an issues guide for educating planners and practitioners. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural organization and the United Nations Environment Programme, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogel CS, Curtis PS (1995) Leaf gas exchange and nitrogen dynamics of N2-fixing, field-grown Alnus glutinosa under elevated atmospheric CO2. Global Change Biology 1(1):55–61

  • Vogel CS, Curtis PS, Thros RB (1997) Growth and nitrogen accretion of di nitrogen fixing. Alnus glutinosa (L). Gertn. Under elevated carbon dioxde. Plant Ecol 130:63–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler CT, Miller TM (1990) Current potential uses of actinorhizal plants in Europe. In: Schwintzer RC, Tjepkema JD (eds) The biology of Frankia and actinorhizal plants. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 365–389

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wiley IM, Sherwood LM, Woolverton CJ (2009) Prescott’s principals of microbiology. Mc Graw-Hill, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu LI, Ahmad G, Zhang Y, Shang G, Sum Z, Shou J, Zhou Y, Xiav Yu J, Hi K (2014) Carbon diozide enrichment alleviates root stress by improving cellular redox homesteads through and ABA- independent pres in tomato plants. Plant Soil. doi:10.1111/pid.12.11

    Google Scholar 

  • Yazaki K, Ishida S, Kawagish T, Fukatsu E, Maruyama Y, Kitao M, Tobita HT, Koike T, Funada R (2004) Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on growth, annual ring structure and photosynthesis in Larix kaempferi seedlings. Tree Physiol 24:941–949

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author thanks Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehra Dun, India for financial assistance for this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore, 641 002, India

    Arumugam Karthikeyan

Authors
  1. Arumugam Karthikeyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arumugam Karthikeyan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Karthikeyan, A. Impact of elevated CO2 in Casuarina equisetifolia rooted stem cuttings inoculated with Frankia . Symbiosis 72, 89–94 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-016-0445-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-016-0445-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation