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Antibiotic residues and mycotoxins in raw milk in Punjab (India): a rising concern for food safety

Journal of Food Science and Technology volume 56, pages 5146–5151 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

The present study was envisaged with an aim to determine the occurrence of antibiotic residues; enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, penicillin G, sulphamethoxazole and chloramphenicol as well as mycotoxins; aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in raw milk samples collected from individual animals from dairy farms located in 9 districts of Punjab, India. A total of 168 raw milk samples were collected and analysed using commercially available competitive Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. Out of these, 19 (11.3%) and 9 (5.4%) samples were found positive for antibiotic residues and mycotoxins, respectively. The milk samples were positive for enrofloxacin (4.8%), oxytetracycline (3.0%), penicillin G (3.0%) and sulphamethoxazole (0.6%) residues. The percentage of samples found above maximum residue limit established by Europen Union (EU)/Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) were 1.7%, 1.2% and 0.6% for enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and penicillin G residues, respectively. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in 5.4% of monitored milk samples with 1.2% samples exceeded the established maximum levels of EU but were below the maximum levels established by CAC. The occurrence of antibiotic residues and mycotoxins in raw milk samples above maximum limits is a rising concern for food safety due to possibility of health risks to the consumers.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to “Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana” (RKVY), Government of India, for providing funds for undertaking the study through project entitled “Studies on current scenario of antibiotic residues in food of animal origin in the Punjab and prevention of antibiotic residue risks”.

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Author notes

  1. Pallavi Moudgil

    Present address: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India

Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India

    Pallavi Moudgil, Jasbir Singh Bedi, Rabinder Singh Aulakh & Jatinder Paul Singh Gill

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  1. Pallavi Moudgil
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  2. Jasbir Singh Bedi
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  3. Rabinder Singh Aulakh
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  4. Jatinder Paul Singh Gill
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Correspondence to Pallavi Moudgil.

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Moudgil, P., Bedi, J.S., Aulakh, R.S. et al. Antibiotic residues and mycotoxins in raw milk in Punjab (India): a rising concern for food safety. J Food Sci Technol 56, 5146–5151 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-03963-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-03963-8

Keywords

  • Antibiotic residues
  • Health risks
  • Milk
  • Mycotoxins