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Characterization of phenolics, amino acids, fatty acids and antioxidant activity in pulp and seeds of high altitude Himalayan crab apple fruits (Malus baccata)

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Abstract

Phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables have achieved immense significance owing to the increasing evidence which signifying their activity for antioxidant and prevention of chronic diseases. The amount of phloretin (88.39 µg mg−1) and phloridzin (83.03 µg mg−1) were found to be higher among other phenolics determined using UPLC. DPPH, ABTS+, metal chelating and ·OH radical assays were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. Malus baccata pulp portion showed higher antioxidant activity than seed portion. HPLC analysis for free amino acids showed that serine (9.06 µg mg−1), alanine (8.03 µg mg−1), tyrosine (10.33 µg mg−1), and cysteine (76.86 µg mg−1) were only detected in pulp portion while seed comprised of histidine (3.96 µg mg−1) only. Seed portion was also determined for their fatty acid composition including palmitic acid (0.89%), ethyl palmitate (0.56%), methyl petroselinate (0.90%) and linolein (3.93%) using GC–MS analysis. HPAEC technique detected fructose and sucrose in a fair amount of 21 and 17.3 mg g−1 in pulp, while 9.4 and 4.24 mg g−1 in seed portion, respectively. The present study suggested that M. baccata fruit is a rich source of phenolic and other chemical components which can be used in food products and nutraceutical formulations.

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Acknowledgements

We express our gratitude to the Director, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR), for valuable suggestions and encouragement. We are thankful to Mr. Shiv Kumar for technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India

    Vikas Dadwal, Himani Agrawal, Robin Joshi & Mahesh Gupta

  2. Food and Nutraceutical division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India

    Vikas Dadwal, Himani Agrawal, Kanika Sonkhla & Mahesh Gupta

Authors
  1. Vikas Dadwal
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  2. Himani Agrawal
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  3. Kanika Sonkhla
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  4. Robin Joshi
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  5. Mahesh Gupta
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Correspondence to Robin Joshi or Mahesh Gupta.

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Dadwal, V., Agrawal, H., Sonkhla, K. et al. Characterization of phenolics, amino acids, fatty acids and antioxidant activity in pulp and seeds of high altitude Himalayan crab apple fruits (Malus baccata). J Food Sci Technol 55, 2160–2169 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3133-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3133-y

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