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Development of thiamine and pyridoxine loaded ferulic acid-grafted chitosan microspheres for dietary supplementation

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Abstract

Therapeutic potential of water soluble vitamins has been known for long and in recent times they are being widely supplemented in processed food. Phenolic acid-grafted chitosan derivatives can serve as excellent biofunctional encapsulating materials for these vitamins. As a proof of concept, thiamine and pyridoxine loaded ferulic acid-grafted chitosan microspheres were developed. Ferulic acid was successfully grafted on chitosan by a free radical mediated reaction and the structure was confirmed by FTIR and NMR analysis. When compared to FTIR spectra of chitosan, intensity of amide I (at around 1644 cm−1) and amide II (at around 1549 cm−1) bands in spectra of ferulic acid-grafted chitosan were found increased, indicating formation of new amide linkage. Strong signals at δ = 6.3–7.9 ppm corresponding to methine protons of ferulic acid were observed in NMR spectra of ferulic acid-grafted chitosan, suggesting the successful grafting of ferulic acid onto chitosan. Grafting ratio of the derivative was 263 mg ferulic acid equivalent/g polymer. Positively charged particles (zeta potential 31 mv) of mean diameter 4.5 and 4.8 μ, corresponding to number distribution and area distribution respectively were observed. Compact microspheres with smooth surfaces and no apparent cracks or pores were observed under scanning electron microscope. Efficient microencapsulation was further proved by X-ray diffraction patterns and thermal analysis. Preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of the vitamin-loaded microspheres was demonstrated.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge funding support from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) National Fellow project. We also acknowledge the analytical instrumentation support of Sophisticated Test and Instrumentation (STIC) Centre of Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Matsyapuri P.O., W. Island, Cochin-29, Kerala, India

      Niladri Sekhar Chatterjee, Rangasamy Anandan, Mary Navitha, K. K. Asha, K. Ashok Kumar, Suseela Mathew & C. N. Ravishankar

    Authors
    1. Niladri Sekhar Chatterjee
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    2. Rangasamy Anandan
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    3. Mary Navitha
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    4. K. K. Asha
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    5. K. Ashok Kumar
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    6. Suseela Mathew
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    7. C. N. Ravishankar
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    Correspondence to Rangasamy Anandan.

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    Highlights

    • Microencapsulation of thiamine and pyridoxine in ferulic acid-grafted chitosan

    • Bioactive wall material for microencapsulation

    • Anti-inflammatory activity of vitamin loaded microspheres

    • Controlled release of thiamine and pyridoxine

    Niladri Sekhar Chatterjee and Mary Navitha contributed equally to this work.

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    Chatterjee, N.S., Anandan, R., Navitha, M. et al. Development of thiamine and pyridoxine loaded ferulic acid-grafted chitosan microspheres for dietary supplementation. J Food Sci Technol 53, 551–560 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2044-4

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2044-4

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