Abstract
The bamboo strand lumber (scrimber) reinforced with different concentration of nanoparticles were developed. The effects of nanoparticles on fire resistance and smoke suppression properties of bamboo scrimber were studied. Nano-CaCO3, CaO, MgCO3 and MgO reinforcement were proposed to improve mechanical, fire resistance and smoke suppression properties of bamboo scrimber. Thermal degradation temperature was increased with nanoparticles loading, and the optimum value results with 2% pre-impregnation treatment. The heat transfer in bamboo scrimber was prevented, and the escaping channel of combustible gas was blocked by nanoparticles. Best result was achieved with 5% nanoparticles treatment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdul Khalil HPS, Bhata IUH, Jawaid M, Zaidon A, Hermawan D, Hadi YS (2012) Bamboo fibre reinforced biocomposites: a review. Mater Des 42:353–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.06.015
Allan GG, Negri AR, Ritzenthaler P (1992) The microporosity of pulp the properties of paper made from pulp fibers internally filled with calcium carbonate. Tappi J 75:239–244
ASTM D2843 (2019) Standard test method for density of smoke from the burning or decomposition of plastics. https://www.intertek.com/building/standards/astm-d2843/. Accessed 24 April 2021
Cheng HT, Gao J, Wang G, Shi SQ, Zhang SB, Cai LP (2014) Effect of temperature on calcium carbonate deposition in situ on bamboo fiber and polymer interfaces. Wood Fiber Sci 46(2):247–258
Cheng HT, Gao J, Wang G, Shi SQ, Zhang SB, Cai LP (2015) Enhancement of mechanical properties of composites made of calcium carbonate modified bamboo fibers and polypropylene. Holzforschung 69(2):215–221
d’Almeida JRM, Aquino RCMP, Monteiro SN (2006) Tensile mechanical properties, morphological aspects and chemical characterization of piassava (Attalea funifera) fibres. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 37:1473–1479
Das M, Prasad VS, Chakrabarty D (2009) Thermogravimetric and weathering study of novolac resin composites reinforced with mercerized bamboo fiber”. Polym Compos. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20705
Fu B, Li X, Yuan G, Chen W, Pa Y (2014) Preparation and flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of bamboo-wood hybrid scrimber filled with calcium and magnesium nanoparticles. J Nanomater 2014:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/959135
Gao J, Wang G, Cheng H, Shi Q, Chen H, Chen F (2012) Effects of in situ deposited calcium carbonate particles on tensile performance of single bamboo fibers. J Northeast For Univ 40:75–77
Garcìa-Pèrez M, Chaala A, Yang J, Roy C (2001) Co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse with petroleum residue. Part Thermogravim Anal Fuel 80:1245–1258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00215-5
Kim HS, Yang HS, Kim HJ, Park HJ (2004) Thermogravimetric analysis of rice husk flour filled thermoplastic polymer composites. J Therm Anal Calorim 76:395–404
Leong YW, Ishak ZAM, Ariffin A (2004) Mechanical and thermal properties of talc and calcium carbonate filled polypropylene hybrid composites. J Appl Polym Sci 91:3327–3336. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.13543
Nair KCM, Thomas S, Groeninckx G (2001) Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis of polystyrene composites reinforced with short sisal fibers. Compos Sci and Technol 61(16):2519–2259
Rosa MF, Chiou B, Medeiros ES, Wood DF, Williams TG, Mattoso LHC, OrtsImam WJSH (2009) Effect of fiber treatments on tensile and thermal properties of starch/ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers/coir biocomposites. Bioresour Technol 100(21):5196–5202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.085
Sharma B, Gatoo A, Bock M, Mulligan H, Ramage M (2014) Engineered bamboo: state of the art. Proc ICE Constr Mater 168(2):57–67. https://doi.org/10.1680/coma.14.00020
Spinacé MAS, Lambert CS, Fermoselli KKG, Paoli MAD (2009) Characterization of lignocellulosic curaua fibres. Carbohydr Polym 77(1):47–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.005
Yang H, Yan R, Chen H, Lee DF, Zheng C (2007) Characteristics of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis. Fuel 86:1781–1788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.12.013
Acknowledgements
This paper is being published with the kind permission of the Director IPIRTI, Bangalore.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kushwaha, P.K., Chawla, V., Nandanwar, A. et al. Study on the effect of nanoparticles on fire resistance and smoke suppression properties of bamboo strand lumber. J Indian Acad Wood Sci 18, 32–38 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13196-021-00276-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13196-021-00276-2